anatomy Flashcards
erector spinae
O: iliac crest, sacrum, lumbar, supraspinous ligament
I: angle of ribs and cervical TVP, TVP in thoracic area and mastoid process, SPs in thoracic regions
N: posterior rami of cervical nerves
A: extensors of vertebral column, lateral flexion of trunk
sternocleidomastoid
O: manubrium of sternum and medial clavicle
I: mastoid process of temporal lobe and nuchal line of occipital lobe
N: spinal accessory nerve
A: contralateral rotation and lateral flexion. flexion and elevation of neck
temporalis
O: temporal fossa and fascia
I: coronoid process and ramus of mandible
N: mandibular nerve
A: elevation and retraction of mandible
masseter
O: zygomatic arch
I: lateral surface of ramus of mandible
N: mandibular N.
A: elevation and protraction of mandible
rectus abdominus
O: pubic symphysis and crest
I: xiphoid process, ribs 5,6,7
N: intercostal nerves T6-T12
A: flexion of trunk, posterior tilt
external abdominal oblique
O: surface of bottom 8 ribs
I: linea alba, pubic tubercle, iliac crest
N: intercostal N. (T7-T12)
A: contralateral rotation, flexion
rhomboid major and minor
O: minor: C7-T1 major: T2-T5
I: minor: medial border of scapula, major: medial border of scapula below spine
N: Dorsal scapular N.
A: retraction, elevation of scapula and downwards rotation
trapezius
O: upper: occipital protuberance, nuchal line, C7. middle: T1-T5. lower: T6-T12
I: acromion, lateral 1/3 clavicle, spine of scapula
N: spinal accessory N.
A: extension of head, contralateral rotation of head
retraction of scapula
upwards rotation of scapula
latissimus dorsi
O: SP of T7-L5
I: bicipital groove of humerus
N: thoracodorsal N.
A: extension of arm, adduction, medial rotation
serratus anterior
O: upper 9 ribs
I: anterior surface of medial border of scapula
N: long thoracic N
A: upwards rotation of scapula, protraction of scapula
pectoralis major
O: medial scapula, upper 7 ribs
I: lateral lip of bicipital groove
N: Pectoral N.
A: flexion, adduction, medial rotation
deltoid
O: clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula
I: deltoid tuberosity of humerus
N: Axillary
A: flexion, extension, medial and lateral rotation, abduction
subscapularis
O: subscapular fossa
I: lesser tubercle of humerus
N: subscapular N.
A: medial rotation of shoulder joint
supraspinatus
O: supraspinatus fossa
I: greater tubercle of humerus
N: suprascapular N.
A: Abduction of arm
infraspinatus
O: infraspinatus fossa
I: greater tubercle of humerus
N: suprascapular N
A: lateral rotation
Teres major
O: superior lateral border of scapula
I: greater tubercle of humerus
N: Axillary
A: lateral rotation of arm
Teres minor
O: inferior lateral border of scapula
I: medial lip of bicipital groove
N: subscapular N
A: extension, abduction, med. rotation
biceps brachii
O: coronoid process of scapula and supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
I: radial tuberosity and fascia of forearm
N: musculocutaneous N
A: long head flexes shoulder, flexes forearm, supination
triceps brachii
O: humerus radial groove and infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
I: olecranon process of ulna
N: radial
A: extension of arm and forearm
pronator teres
O: humeral head- medial epicondyle of humerus ulnar head: coronoid process of ulna
I: middle of lateral surface of radius
N: median
A: pronates forearm
Flexor carpi radialis
O: medial epicondyle of humerus
I: base of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals
N: median N
A: flexion of wrist and abduction
flexor carpi ulnaris
O: medial epicondyle and olecranon process of ulna and posterior border
I: base of 5th metacarpal, hook of hamate and pisiform
N: Ulnar N.
A: flexion of wrist, adduction
flexor digitorum superficialis
O: medial epicondyle, coronoid process of ulna, middle anterior surface of radius
I: base of middle phalanx 2-5
N: median
A: flexion of wrist and fingers 2-5 @ MCP and PIP
extensor carpi radialis longus
O: lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
I: base of 2nd metacarpal bone
N: radial
A: extends wrist, radial deviation
brachioradialis
O: lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
I: lateral distal end of radius
N: radial N
A: flexion of forearm
extensor digitorum
O:lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: distal and middle phalanx of fingers 2-5
N: radial N
A: extension of wrist, extension of digits 2-5 at all joints
abductor pollicis longus
O: middle of posterior surface of radius, ulna, interosseous membrane
I: base of 1st metacarpal
N: radial
A: abduction and extension of thumb at MCP
abductor pollicis brevis
O: flexor retinaculum, scaphoid and trapezium
I: base of proximal phalanx of thumb
N: median
A: abduction of thumb
flexor pollicis brevis
O: flexor retinaculum, trapezium
I: base of proximal phalanx of thumb
N: median
A: flexes thumb
dorsal interossei
O: adjacent sides of metacarpals
I: proximal phalanx and dorsal digital expansion of 2,3,4
N: Ulnar N.
A: TATA wave
flexion of fingers at MCP and extension at PIP and DIP
tensor fascia lata
O: lateral ASIS and anterior iliac crest
I: gerdy’s tubercle on tibia
N: superior gluteal N.
A: flexion, abduction, medial rotation of thigh
sartorius
O: ASIS
I: medial surface of shaft of tibia
N: femoral N.
A: flexion, abduction, lateral & medial rotation, of thigh
biceps femoris
O: ischial tuberosity and linea aspera
I: head of fibula and lateral condyle of tibia
N: tibial N and common fibular N.
A: flexion of leg, extension of thigh, lateral rotation (knee flexed)
semitendinosus
O: ischial tuberosity
I: medial surface of shaft of tibia
N: tibial N
A: flexion of knee, extension of thigh, medial rotation when knee is bent
rectus femoris
O: ASIS, brim of acetabulum
I: base of patella and then tibial tuberosity
N: femoral N.
A: extension of knee and flexion of thigh
vastus medialis
O: intertrochanteric line, medial lip of linea aspera, medial supracondylar line
I: medial border of patella and then tibial tuberosity
N: femoral N.
A: extension at knee joint
adductor muscles
O: Adductor longus -
anterior surface of
pubis
Adductor brevis -
body and inferior
ramus of pubis
Adductor magnus
Anterior head
(adductor part) –
ischiopubic ramus
(lateral fibers)
Posterior head
(hamstring part) –
ischial tuberosity
(down fibers)
I: Adductor longus -
middle part of linea
aspera
Adductor brevis -
proximal 1/3 of linea
aspera of femur
Adductor magnus -
anterior head – linea
aspera, gluteal
tuberosity, medial
supracondylar line
Posterior head –
adductor tubercle
N: Adductor longus,
brevis and anterior
head of magnus -
obturator nerve
Adductor magnus
posterior head –
tibial nerve
A: Adductor longus,
brevis, magnus
(anterior head):
1. Adduction of
thigh (hip joint)
2. Flexion of thigh
(hip joint)
3. Lateral rotation of
thigh (hip joint)
Adductor magnus
(posterior head):
1. Extension of thigh
(hip joint –
posterior
attachment)
gastrocnemius
O: medial condyle of femur and lateral condyle of femur
I: calcaneus
N: Tibial N.
A: plantar flexion, flexion at knee
