anatomy Flashcards
`What are epithelial tissues
tissues that form continuous sheets.
They line body cavities and form glands ie. skin, lining of intestines
What are the two types of arrangements of epilethial tissues
simple epithelium - single layer of cells (lines organs)
Stratified or compound epithelium - which are multiple layers of cells
what are the 8 types of connective tissue
Elastic
Collagenous
areolar
recticular
adipose
cartilage
bone and blood
what is connective tissue
made up of a variety of cells it connects and strengthens tissues
What is loose connective tissue (areolar)
most common connective tissue
it supports other tissues and attaches skin to muscles
what is cartilage (fibrous connective tissue)
has no blood vessels or nerves
found on the end of bones
what are the 3 types of cartilage
Hyaline - smooth, strong elastic
White fibrocartilage - fibrous, tough, shock absorbing
Elastic - allows movement gives shape
Bone (hard connective tissue)
two types of bone:
compact (outside) and dense for strength
Cancellous (spongy, inside) looks like honeycomb
Blood (liquid connective tissue)
transports substances through body
Plasma 55% cells 45%
what are blood cells made of
erthyrocytes
leucocytes
thrombocytes
what are the 2 types of muscle tissue
Voluntary - they contract with thought
Involuntary - contract without us thinking about it (heart)
functions of muscle tissue
produce movement when they contract
stabalize joints
temperature control
maintain posture
what is the integumentary system
largest organ
creates barrier between body and the world
-skin, hoof, coat
what does the skin do
protects
provides pigmentation
temperature regulation
provides sensory information (touch, temperature)
layers of the skin
epidermis
dermis
hypodermis
The inner layer of the skin is the dermis. what are it’s two layers made of
Papillae - connects it with the epidermis
Recticular layer - has hair folliciles, glands, arteries, veins
what is the hypodermis
seperates the dermis from the body
a layer of fat between the skin and the structures in the body
what creates coat colour
pairs of genes make the coat colour
AA= homozygous
Aa= heterozygous
Phenotype = what you see
genotype = coding
how does melanin create coat colour
cells in the skin produce pigments according to the surface receptor
eumelanin = black pigment
pheomelanin = red pigment
what do sweat glands do
act like a tunnel to the skin surface
no sweat glands on legs
what are sebaceous glands
attached to each hair follicle
oily sebum enters hair follicle
gives horse a shiny coat
what is hair made of
each hair is dead keratinized epidermal cells fused together
has a bulb at the base with a shaft on top
what are the 3 types of hair
Tactile hair - whiskers
Guard hairs - smooth stiff straight - mane tail feathers on legs
Wool hairs - undercoat, shorter
how does shedding happen
epithelial cells over the papilla stop multiplying
papilla dies
hair falls out and new hair grows in
