Anatomy

Question 1

Cubital Fossa

Answer 1

A triangular shaped depression over the anterior aspect of the elbow joint

Question 2

Cubital Fossa: lateral border

Answer 2

medial border of the brachioradialis

Question 3

Cubital Fossa: medial border

Answer 3

lateral border of pronator teres

Question 4

Cubital Fossa: superior border

Answer 4

Horizontal line drawn between the epicondyles of the humerus

Question 5

Cubital Fossa: Roof

Answer 5

bicipital aponeurosis aka lacertus fibrosis. An aponeurosis from the tendon of biceps brachii muscle in the cubital fossa. It gets attached to the deep fascia of the medial side of forearm

Question 6

Cubital Fossa: Floor

Answer 6

brachialis proximally and supinator distally

Question 7

Transverse Retinacular Ligament: Function

Answer 7

function
with PIP flexion, pull lateral bands volarly over PIP
with PIP extension, prevents excessive dorsal translation of lateral bands

Question 8

Transverse Retinacular Ligament: Anatomy

Answer 8

origin: from edge of flexor tendon sheath at PIP
insertion: lateral border of conjointed lateral bands

Question 9

Transverse Retinacular Ligament: Pathology

Answer 9

attenuation leads to dorsal translation of lateral bands and a resulting swan neck deformity
contracture (with attenuation of triangular ligament) leads to volar translation of lateral bands and resulting boutonniere deformity

Question 10

Landsmeer’s Ligament

Answer 10

Links motion of DIP and PIP.

Origin: lateral volar aspect of P1

Insertions: lateral terminal extensor tendon dorsally

With PIP flexion, ligament relaxes to allow for DIP flexion. With PIP extension, ligaments tighten to facilitate DIP extension

If tight: resting finger position is DIP extended, PIP flexed. Unable to flex DIP if PIP is extended

Question 11

Cleland’s ligaments

Answer 11

Digital cutaneous ligaments. Tether skin to deeper layers of fascia and bone to prevent excessive mobility of skin.

Dorsal to digital nerves. Think C for ceiling. Not invovled in Dupuytren’s.

Question 12

Grayson’s ligament

Answer 12

Digital cutaneous ligament. Tether skin to deeper layers of fascia and bone to prevent excessive skin mobility. Volar to digital nerves.

Question 13

Quadrangular Space

Answer 13

Anatomical space in the posterior scapula with four boundaries. Passageway that allows structures to travel between the axilla and posterior compartment of the upper arm.

Superior: Inferior margin of teres minor

Lateral: Surgical neck of the humerus

Medial: long head of triceps brachii

Inferior: Superior aspect of the teres major

Question 14

Arcade of Froshe

Answer 14

The superficial head of the supinator muscle forms a fibrous arch called the arcade of froshe

Question 15

Arcade of Struthers

Answer 15

It courses from the supracondylar process of the humerus (also known as avian spur) to the medial humeral epicondyle.

Question 16

Cubital Tunnel Anatomy

Answer 16

The walls creating the tunnel include the olecranon and the medial epicondyle, while the joint capsule of the elbow and the transverse and posterior bands of the medial ulnar collateral ligament form the floor, and finally the roof is comprised of the fascia of the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle and Osborne’s band, and referred to as Osborne’s fascia.

Question 17

Radial Tunnel Anatomy

Answer 17

Lateral: brachioradialis, ECRL, ECRB

Medial: biceps tendon, brachialis

Floor: capsule of the radiocapitellar joint

Question 18

Osborne’s Ligament

Answer 18

Uniting the triangular muscular interval between the humeral and ulnar heads of the FCU, Osborne’s ligament forms the roof of the cubital tunnel