Anatomy Flashcards
Where is the meibomian gland located?
Embedded within the tarsal plate
The mucin layer is secreted by which cells?
goblet cells located in the conjunctival epithelium and is also the layer adherent to the glycoalyx
Where is the inferior orbital fissure located?
floor & lateral wall
Which muscle is innervated by the superior division of the oculomotor nerve?
Superior rectus
Superior oblique is innervated by which nerve?
trochlear
The orbicular oculi is innervated by which nerve?
facial
The lateral rectus is innervated by which nerve?
abducen nerve
Which corneal layer can neither be replaced nor repaired after birth?
Bowman’s layer & endothelium
Which layer of the cornea thins with age?
endothelium
The border of the limbus layer is the termination of which 2 layers?
Bowman’s layer and Descemets membrane
What is the caruncle?
modified skin tissue & goblet cells located at the medial canthus
Patellar fossa
Site where the lens is located at the anterior vitreal face
Where is the lacrimal gland located?
Lacrimal fossa - in the orbital portion of the frontal bone
The spaces between the processes are called ?
Valleys of Kuhnt
What produces the lens capsule?
epithelium of the crystalline lens
Which layer of the lens contains the oldest lens fibers?
The embryonic nucleus - it is formed by the primary lens fibers from the posterior lens epithelium
In the anterior chamber angle, where is Schwalbe’s ring located?
Termination of Descemet’s membrane
What structure separates the ciliary portion from the pupillary portion of the iris
Collarette
The major circle of the iris is located where?
Ciliary body stroma
Pupillary ruff
borders the pupillary portion of the iris
Iris root
most posterior portion of the ciliary portion of the iris
Crypts of fuchs
located on both sides of the collarette and therefore are in both portions of the iris
The posterior chamber is bounded anteriorly by the
posterior iris epithelium
Which glands contribute to the lipid layer?
Moll, Zeiss, and Meibomian
Which glands are responsible for the aqueous portion of the tears?
Krause and Wolfring
Holocrine glands
Zeiss and meibomian
Muller is derived from?
Levator
Where is the levator derived from?
The lesser wing
What are the 2 portions of the orbicularis ocular
What are examples of both?
Palpebral (quick blink) & orbital (forced closure)
Palpebral = myokymia (1 muscle 1 eye)
Orbital = FORCED = Belpharospasms ( 3 muscle - orbital portion of orbicularis oculi, procerus, corrugator).
4 Eyelid cancers (least to most likely to metastasize)
Basal cell carcinoma
Squamous cell carcinoma
Sebaceous gland carcinoma
Malignant Melanoma
What type of UV light is most likely to cause cancer?
UV B
NOT UVC - most dangerous but blocked by the atmosphere, therefore not the most common cause of cancer
Basal cell carcinoma signs
Early pearly
Telangiectasia
Stratum spinosum is affected
Telangiectasia is associated w/ which conditions?
Coats dz
Acne Rosacea
Basal cell carcinoma
Squamous cell carcinoma
scaly eyelid lesion = precursor for actinic keratosis
Early signs in conjunctiva is CIN
Sebaceous gland carcinoma
Affects zeis and meibomian
What conditions affect the sebacous glands?
Sebaceous gland carcinoma
Acne rosacea
Malignant Melanoma
LEAST common
Remember ABCD
Depth of the lesion is the most important
Which CN innervates the levator
CN III = 15 mm of lift
Describe a CN palsy
Eye will be down & out
What will confirm a blown pupil CN III palsy?
1% pilo
if the pilo does NOT do anything, probably a clinically induced dilated pupil (Ex. visine)
Mueller’s muscle proves how many mm of lift?
1-3mm
Sympathetic nervous system
“Mueller MAINTAINS the eye being open”
2 signs of Horner’s in kids
Heterochromia and Hyperemia
All blinking requires cortical input EXCEPT
dazzle
