Anatomy

Question 1

Which kidney is taken in living donor transplantation and why?

Answer 1

Left kidney. Because it has a longer renal vein.

Question 2

What is the course of renal blood flow?

Answer 2

Renal artery
↓
Segmental artery
↓
Interlobar artery
↓
Arcuat artery
↓
Interlobuler artery
↓
Afferent arteriole
↓
Glomerulus
↓
Efferent arteriole
↓
Vasa recta/peritubuler capillaries
↓
Venous outflow

Question 3

Why the renal medulla is sensitive to hypoxia and vulnerable to ischemic damage?

Answer 3

Cause renal medulla receives significantly less blood flow than renal cortex.

Question 4

Left renal vein receives two additional veins. What are they?

Answer 4

Left suprarenal vein
Left gonadal vein

Question 5

What is the course of ureter?

Answer 5

Arises from renal pelvis
↓
Travels under gonadal arteries
↓
Over common iliac artery
↓
Under uterine artery/ vas deferenes (retroperiteneal)

Question 6

Which mechanism prevents urinary reflux?

Answer 6

Bladder contraction compresses the intravesical ureter, preventing urine reflux.

Question 7

How is the blood supply to ureter?

Answer 7

Proximal: Renal arteries
Middle: Gonadal artery, aorta, common and internal iliac arteries.
Distal: internal iliac and superior vesical arteries

Question 8

What are the ureteral obstruction points?

Answer 8

1-Ureteropelvic junction
2-Pelvic inlet
3-Ureterovesical junction

Question 9

Water (ureters) flows ….. the iliacs and ….. the bridge (uterin artery or vas deferens).

Fill in the blanks.

Answer 9

Water (ureters) flows OVER the iliacs and UNDER the bridge (uterin artery or vas deferens).