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Plab1 2023 > Anatomy > Flashcards

Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Causes of Dupuytren’s contracture

A

DM, smoking, alcohol (liver disease), manual layout, trauma, phenytoin.

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2
Q

Test to confirm injury to ulnar nerve (do wut movement against resistance?)

A

Abduction of fingers
(ulnar supplies dorsal and palmar interossei involved in fingers abduction n addiction)

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3
Q

Nerve root/dermatone supply of LL

A

L1- pelvic girdle
L2- anterior thigh
L3- medial thigh and distal anterior thigh
L4- medial (inner) shin
L5- lateral shin n dorsum foot
S1- later foot

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4
Q

Level of iliac crest

A

L4

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5
Q

Paraesthesia of dorsal n palmar aspect of little and ring fingers

A

Ulner nerve

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6
Q

Tingling of lateral 3 fingers

A

Median nerve

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7
Q

Paraesthesia of dorsal aspect of thumb and small dorsal area between 1st and 2nd finger.

A

Radial nerve

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8
Q

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Pierces structures
1)Midline?
2)Mid point between umbilicus and ASIS

A

1) linea alba
2) internal oblique and external oblique aponeurosis

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9
Q

Chest drain where?
1) safe triangle
2)dangers
3) from where to drain

A

1) anterior - p. Major
2) posterior - L. Dorsai
3) superior- base of axils
4) base - 5th ICS

2)VAN , nerve being the most superficial/outward (vein, artery, nerve)+
Intercostal muscles

3) safe triangle, superior border of intercostal space to avoid VAN n muscle injury

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10
Q

Swelling behind knee, round, smooth, non- tender, usually asymptomatic?

A

Baker’s cyst (popliteal cyst)

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11
Q

Numbness and tingling of thumb, index, middle fingers
1) nerve?
2) syndrome?
3) syndrome common causes?
4) which ligament compress the nerve causing the syndrome?
5) Treatment?

A

1) median nerve
2) carpal tunnel syndrome
3) pregnancy (fluid retention)
4) transverse carpal ligament aka flexor retinaculum aka anterior annular ligament
5) cut the ligament to release pressure

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12
Q

Anterior annular ligament has two other names and it is associated with a syndrome

A

Flexor retinaculum
Transverse carpal ligament
Carpal tunnel syndrome
Compartment syndrome

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13
Q

C8 reticulopathy
Injury of nerve root of brachial plexus

A

1) Thumb abduction n extension impair
2)Numbness of thin area of forearm up to lil finger
3)ulnar deviation of the wrist

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14
Q

T1 reticulopathy
Injury of nerve root of brachial plexus

A

1)Abduction and addiction of fingers
2) pain and Paraesthesia of affected nerve.

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15
Q

Impair flexion of MCP and proximal IPs.

A

Flexor digitorum superficialis

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16
Q

Impair flexion of distal IPs.

A

Flexor digitorum profundus
Flexor - Distal - profundus

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17
Q

Popeye appearance
/ muscle bunch up in the distal arm

A

proximal biceps tendon rupture

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18
Q

The patient feels that something in the cubital fossa has ruptured

A

Distal biceps tendon rupture

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19
Q
  • Single traumatic event
  • Flexion against resistance
  • Sudden sharp tearing sensation
  • Painful swollen elbow
  • weakness in flexion and supination
A

Distal biceps tendon rupture

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20
Q

Dorsiflexion of the wrist

A

Radial nerve

21
Q

Wrist drop

A

Radial nerve

22
Q

1) Saturday night palsy ( compress medial aspect of forearm during operation)
2) rCrutch palsy ( against spiral groove of medial aspect of forearm)

A

Radial nerve
Wrist drop ( list of extensors of thumb , fingers, wrists, forearm)
Lost of sensation of dorsal aspect of thumb and small dorsal area of 1st and 2nd finger

23
Q

Winged scapula
- Difficulty in abducting arm beyond 90.
- Arm is stretched out against resistance, scapula is prominent.

A

Long thoracic nerve (C5- C7)
Serratus anterior

24
Q

Winged scapula causes (long thoracic nerve injury)

A

Sports
Blow to the ribs
Following mastectomy

25
Q

Foot drop

A

Common peroneal nerve
(Dorsiflexion and version of ankle )

26
Q

Posterior hip dislocation
Positive trendelenburg sign
Thigh abduction impair

A

Superior gluteal nerve (motor only nerve)

27
Q
  • Difficulty rising from seated position
  • Cannot jump
  • Cannot climb stairs
A

Inferior gluteal nerve (motor only)
Hip extension and lateral rotation

28
Q

Motor functions of nerve root of upper limb
C5 C6 C7 C8

A

C5 C6 C7 C8
Flex extend extend flex
Elbow wrist elbow fingers

29
Q

Leriche syndrome

A

Aorto- iliac artery occlusion
Pain in buttocks, thighs, erectile dysfunction
Peripheral arterial disease

30
Q

Pregnancy associated hand syndromes

A

1) Guyon’s canal
(Ulnar nerve compression at wrist)
Numbness at lil finger n half of ring finger

2) carpal tunnel
(median nerve compression)
Numbness over thumb, index n middle finger

31
Q

Brachial plexus
Upper?
Lower?

A

Upper- C567
Lower - C8 T1

32
Q

Ulnar nerve

A

C8, T1
Inferior/lower trunk of brachial plexus

33
Q

Meralgia

A

Impair lateral cutaneous nerve of the the thigh / lateral femoral cutaneous nerve
Sensory only
To lateral and posterior surfaces of thigh
Impair sensation to that area

34
Q

Nerve injury followed by asymmetrical chest movement

A

Phrenic nerve injury
(Normally, it controls diaphragm)

35
Q

Tympanoplasty
Decrease sensation of taste
Decrease salivation

A

Facial nerve injury (7th CN)
- Facial nerve- sublingual nerve and submandibular nerve
- Chords tympani nerve is a branch of facial nerve also, when plastyvis done, this nerve has risk to be injured

36
Q

Parkinson’s disease

A

Degeneration of doperminergic neurons in substantia nigras
Triad of
1) bradykinesia
2) resting tremors
3) rigidity

Asymmetrical

37
Q

Cubical tunnel syndrome

A

Ulnar nerve
Ulnar nerve entrapment at the elbow

38
Q

No high pitch
Monotone voice

A

External laryngeal nerve
A branch of super laryngeal nerve

39
Q

Which side recurrent laryngeal nerve is effected often?

A

Left
Due to long course

40
Q

Winged scapula
Which side titling of head increase the pain
(Same side with the affected or opposite?

A

Opposite

41
Q

Scapula prominent when
Slow lowering of arm from forward elevation

A

Dorsal scapular nerve palsy

42
Q

Winging increase by arum abduction at shoulder level

A

Accessory nerve palsy
Post op posterior triangle surgery
Trapezius n sternocledomastoid muscle

43
Q

Winging increase when pushes against a wall with his arm extended
Contra lateral pain on tilting of the head

A

Long thoracic nerve
C567
Serratus anterior

44
Q

Femoral pulse palpated where?

A

Mid inguinal point

45
Q

Deep inguinal ring

A

2.5 cm above mid point of inguinal ligament

46
Q

Extensive pollicis longus

A

Extend thumb at IP joint
For Full extension

47
Q

Extensor pollicis brevis

A

Extension of thumb at MCP joints

48
Q

Rule of 17?

A

10 + 7 - opposite
12 + 5 - same

Plab1 2023 (2 decks)

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