Anatomy

Question 1

What are the 4 lobes of the brain

Answer 1

Frontal, parietal, occipital and temporal

Question 2

What are the major sulci

Answer 2

The central sulcus, the lateral sulcus (fissure) and longitudinal fissure

Question 3

What are the 4 structures of the brain stem

Answer 3

Midbrain, pons and medulla oblongata

Question 4

What is the precentral gyrus

Answer 4

Anterior to the central sulcus and is the site of the primary motor cortex. There are motor neuron cell bodies that innervate voluntary skeletal muscles

Question 5

What is the post central gyrus

Answer 5

Posterior to the central sulcus it’s the sire of the primary somatosensory cortex. Sensory neurons that convey somatic sensations from the skin

Question 6

What is the corpus callosum

Answer 6

A large group of axons that allow communication between the left and right cerebral hemispheres

Question 7

What are the major bones of the neurocranium

Answer 7

Occipital bone, 2 temporal, 2 parietal, sphenoid, ethmoid and frontal bones

Question 8

Name the facial skeleton

Answer 8

2 nasal bones, vomer, 2 maxilla, the mandible and 2 zygomatic bones

Question 9

I olfactory

Answer 9

Sensory
Olfaction

Question 10

II Optic

Answer 10

Sensory
Visiom

Question 11

III oculomotor

Answer 11

Motor
Extraocular muscles of the eye

Question 12

IV trochlear

Answer 12

Motor
Superior oblique muscles of the eye

Question 13

V trigeminal

Answer 13

Sensory and motor
Sensory to skin over scalp, cheeks and jaw. Motor to muscles of mastiff

Question 14

VI abducens

Answer 14

Motor
Lateral recuts muscle of the eye

Question 15

VII facial

Answer 15

Sensory and motor
Muscles of facial expression and taste in anterior

Question 16

VIII vestibulocochlear

Answer 16

Sensory
Hearing and balance

Question 17

IX glossopharyngeal

Answer 17

Both
Muscles of the pharynx

Question 18

X vagus

Answer 18

Both
Sensation from pharynx, larynx, thorax, abdomen. Parasympathetic motor in thorax to abdomen

Question 19

XI accessory

Answer 19

M
Trapezius muscle, sternocleidomastoid muscle

Question 20

XII Hypoglossal

Answer 20

M
Muscles of tongue

Question 21

What are arachnoid granulations

Answer 21

2 way valve system filtering CSF out of subarachnoid space back into systematic circulation at Duran venous sinuses

Question 22

What are the subdural And extradural spaces and why are these describes as potential spaces

Answer 22

Subdural= between Dura and arachnoid
Extradural=between dura and skull
Potential spaces as they should be empty but fluid can collect in pathological conditions

Question 23

General somatic efferent

Answer 23

Activates skeletal muscle

Question 24

Special visceral efferent

Answer 24

Activates skeletal muscle on the head neck and smooth muscle

Question 25

General visceral efferent

Answer 25

Increase or decrease rate of activity in cardiac muscle, smooth muscle and glands

Question 26

General somatic afférents

Answer 26

Sensation from skin, muscles and joints

Question 27

General visceral afférents

Answer 27

Special senses from organs associated w GI tract

Question 28

Special somatic afférents

Answer 28

Special senses from organs not associated with GI tract

Question 29

Special visceral afferents

Answer 29

Chemoreceptors in organs

Question 30

Where does the spinal cord start and end

Answer 30

Medulla of the brain stem and ends conus medullaris and the cauda equina

Question 31

What are the four regions of the spine

Answer 31

Cervical, thoracic, lumbar and sacral

Question 32

What part of the neuron is found at the dorsal root

Answer 32

Cell bodies of the peripheral sensory neurons

Question 33

What are the posterior (dorsal) and anterior(ventral) rami

Answer 33

Branches of the spinal nerve
Each ramus contains sensory and motor neurons
Dorsal ramus=muscles and skin of the back posterior vertebral column
Ventral ramus=sensory and motor innervation to all other body parts