Anatomy

Question 1

Muscles of the Anterior Oblique Sling System

Answer 1

Serratus Anterior
Internal Obliques
External Obliques
Adductors

Question 2

Muscles of the Lateral System

Answer 2

Adductors
Gluteus Medius
Gluteus Minimus
Quadratus Lumborum

Question 3

Muscles of the Deep Longitudinal System

Answer 3

Erector Spinae
Hamstrings
Quadratus Lumborum

Question 4

Muscles of the Posterior Oblique Sling System

Answer 4

Latissimus Dorsi
Gluteus Maximus

Question 5

Functional movement patterns of the upper body include all except:
a. Pushing
b. Pulling
c. Lifting
d. Striding

Answer 5

d. Striding
Striding is not a functional movement of the upper body.

Question 6

Upper rotation of the scapulae occur when the arms:

Answer 6

Move overhead

Question 7

Movements of the glenohumeral joint include:

Answer 7

Flexion/Extension
Abduction/Adduction
Medial/Lateral Rotation

(NOT upward or downward rotation)

Question 8

When observing vertical alignment from the side, what key bony landmarks do you want to line up with the plumb line of gravity?

Answer 8

Tip of the earlobe
Top of the shoulder
Center of rib cage
High point of iliac crest
Midpoint of lateral side of knee
Slightly in front of lateral malleolus of the ankle

Question 9

What muscle imbalances are usually associated with thoracic kyphosis?

Answer 9

Thoracic extensors and scapular stabilizers are weak and long, anterior chest muscles are tight and short.

Question 10

On an inhale, the diaphragm contracts and the dome moves:

Answer 10

Downward, drawing in air.

Question 11

The inner unit or core includes what muscles?

Answer 11

Pelvic floor
Transverse abdominis
Multifidi
Diaphragm

Question 12

Active isolated stretching technique is:

Answer 12

Contracting the opposing muscle to release the target muscle.

Question 13

The stretch reflex is responsible for:

Answer 13

Moderating muscle length, protecting against overstretching a joint.

Question 14

In a normal healthy body, the inner unit, or core, fires:

Answer 14

1. Reflexively in postural changes/ load placed on spine
2. Consciously when needed for support
3. To propel forward motion or allow it by stabilization

Question 15

The primary functions of the spine include:

Answer 15

1. Force transference
2. Protection of spinal cord and nerve roots
3. Movement

Question 16

What is the name of the first cervical vertebra?

Answer 16

Atlas

Question 17

What is the name of the second cervical vertebra?

Answer 17

Axis

Question 18

The soft jelly like center of the intervertebral disc is called:

Answer 18

The nucleus pulposus of the spine.

Question 19

Ideal alignment of the legs from side view:

Answer 19

Hip, knee, ankle joints lined up over each other.

Question 20

Ideal alignment of the legs from the frontal view:

Answer 20

Just inside ASIS of the hip lines up with the center of the patella and roughly with the second toe of the foot.

Question 21

Ideal alignment of the legs when viewing from the back:

Answer 21

Center of gluteal fold, center of back of knee, Achilles are vertical and center through the heel.

Question 22

When a muscle on one side of a joint is tight, preventing optimal ROM and strength gains, this is called:

Answer 22

Reciprocal inhibitions

Question 23

Which of the leg joints is a ball and socket joint?

Answer 23

Hip joint

Question 24

All of the following are true of the sacroiliac joint except:
A. It is a fixed joint with no movement
B. It is often an area of dysfunction
C. It allows for minimal movement
D. It attaches to the pelvis via strong ligaments

Answer 24

A. It is a fixed joint with no movement

Question 25

Scapulohumeral rhythm refers to:

Answer 25

The movement of the scapulae as they relate to one another.