Anatomy Flashcards
Sagittal Plane/Median Plane
Divides body into left and right side
Coronal Plane/Frontal Plane
Divides body into front and back side
Transverse Plane/Axial Plane
Divides body into upper and lower half
Longitudinal Section
Section taken from sagittal plane
Transverse Section
Section taken from the transverse plane
Oblique Section
Section taken from a diagonal traverse-like plane
Superficial
Nearer to the surface (ex. muscles are superficial to bone)
Intermediate
Between superficial and deep (ex. muscles are intermediate between skin and bone)
Deep
Farther from the surface (ex. bone is deep to muscles)
Medial
Nearer to the midline of the body (median plane)
Lateral
Farther from the midline of the body (median plane)
Superior (Cranial)
Nearer to the head
Inferior (Caudal)
Nearer to feet
Posterior (Dorsal)
Nearer to back
Anterior (Ventral)
Nearer to front
Proximal
Nearer to trunk or point of origin (eg. of a limb)
Distal
Farther from trunk or point of origin (eg. of a limb)
Palmer vs. Dorsal
Palmer - anterior hand (palm)
Dorsal - posterior hand (dorsum)
Plantar vs. Dorsal
Plantar - Inferior foot surface (sole)
Dorsal - Superior foot surface (dorsum)
Extension
Increases angle between the bones (straightening of the joint)
Flexion
Decreases angle between the bones (bending of the joints)
Pronation
Rotational movement of forearm causing palm to face down
Supination
Rotational movement of forearm causing palm to face up
Adduction
Bringing limb towards the midline of the body
Abduction
Movement of limb away from the midline of the body
Dorsiflexion vs. Plantarflexion
Dorsiflexion - flexing of foot
Plantarflexion - pointing of foot
Circumduction
Circular movement
Elevation
Upwards movement
Depression
Downward movement
