Anatomy

Question 1

Orbicularis oris muscle motor nerve supply

Answer 1

facial nerve

Question 2

Sensory nerve supply of Lips

Answer 2

• Upper lip: Maxillary nerve ⇨ Infraorbital N.

• Lower lip: Mandibular nerve ⇨ inferior
alveolar N. ⇨ Mental N.

Question 3

Lips ( Arterial , venous and lumpy node )

Answer 3

Arterial supply: Superior and inferior labial branches of facial artery

Venous drainage: facial vein

Lymph drainage of lips:
Upper lip: preauricular & submandibular Ln.
Lower lip: median part: submental Ln. Lateral parts: submandibular Ln.

Question 4

Mylohyoid muscle nerve supply

Answer 4

inferior
alveolar nerve (mandibular nerve)

Question 5

Nerve supply of tongue

Answer 5

Sensory supply

General sensation
Anterior 2/3rd of tongue
Lingual nerve (from mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve)

Taste sensation Chorda tympani nerve from facial nerve

General sensation
Posterior 1/3rd of tongue
Glossopharyngeal nerve + posterior most part by supplied
by vagus nerve

Motor supply • All muscles of tongue are supplied by hypoglossal nerve except palatoglossus which is
supplied pharyngeal plexus via Vagus nerve.

Question 6

Arterial supply and venous drainage of palate

Answer 6

Hard Palate: Greater palatine and Sphenopalatine arteries (from maxillary artery) •

Soft Palate: Lesser palatine artery (from the maxillary artery), Ascending palatine artery (from the facial artery)
and Ascending pharyngeal artery (from the external carotid artery ECA).

❑ Venous drainage: • pterygoid venous plexus.

Question 7

Sensory nerve supply the palate and lymphatic drainage

Answer 7

Sensory nerve supply: • Hard Palate: Greater palatine + Nasopalatine nerves (from
Maxillary n.) •
Soft Palate: Lesser palatine (from Maxillary n.) +
Glossopharyngeal nerve

❑Lymphatic drainage: • Some into retropharyngeal LN. ⇨ Deep cervical LN. • Some directly into Deep cervical LN.

Question 8

Blood supply of parotid gland

Answer 8

Arterial supply: external carotid artery

Venous drainage: retromandibular vein

Question 9

Nerve supply and lymphatic drainage of parotid gland

Answer 9

Parotid LNs (superficial & deep) → deep cervical L.Ns.

Sensory :Auriculotemporal & great auricular nerves

❑Sympathetic : plexus around external carotid artery

❑Parasympathetic: inferior salivary nucleus in medulla ⇨ pass with glossopharyngeal nerve ⇨ pass with tympanic nerve ⇨ formation of tympanic plexus ⇨ lesser superficial petrosal nerve ⇨ relay in the otic ganglion ⇨ postganglionic fibers ⇨ Sensory :Auriculotemporal & great auricular nerves ❑Sympathetic : plexus around external carotid artery ❑Parasympathetic: inferior salivary nucleus in medulla ⇨ pass with glossopharyngeal nerve ⇨ pass with tympanic nerve ⇨ formation of tympanic plexus ⇨ lesser superficial petrosal nerve ⇨ relay in the otic ganglion ⇨ postganglionic fibers ⇨ Auriculotemporal nerve ⇨ the parotid gland ⇨ the parotid gland

Question 10

Submandibular gland ( blood , nerve supply and lymphatic drainage )

Answer 10

Arterial supply: • Facial artery

Venous drainage: • common facial & lingual veins

Lymphatic drainage: • submandibular L.Ns → deep cervical L.Ns.

Nerve supply:
Sensory fibers: from lingual nerve

Sympathetic fibers: plexus around facial artery

Parasympathetic fibers: Superior salivary nucleus in pons
⇨ facial nerve ⇨ fibers run with chorda tympani ⇨ join
lingual nerve ⇨ relay in submandibular ganglion ⇨
fibers to supply submandibular and sublingual glands.

Question 11

Blood supply and Nerve supply of sublingual gland

Answer 11

Arterial supply:
→ Sublingual branch of the lingual artery
→ Submental branch of the facial artery

Same sub mandibular gland 🔽
Venous drainage: • common facial & lingual veins

Lymphatic drainage: • submandibular L.Ns → deep cervical L.Ns.

Nerve supply: Sensory fibers: from lingual nerve
Sympathetic fibers: plexus around facial artery
Parasympathetic fibers: Superior salivary nucleus in pons
⇨ facial nerve ⇨ fibers run with chorda tympani ⇨ join
lingual nerve ⇨ relay in submandibular ganglion ⇨
fibers to supply submandibular and sublingual glands.

Question 12

Longitudinal muscles of the pharynx

Answer 12

Nerve supply: Cranial root of accessory
nerve through pharyngeal plexus

EXCEPT stylopharyngeus (supplied by
glossopharyngeal nerve).

Question 13

Nerve supply of Constrictors muscles of pharynx

Answer 13

Nerve supply: All constrictor muscles are supplied by Cranial root of accessory nerve through
pharyngeal plexus,
Inf. Constrictor receives additional branches from recurrent & external laryngeal nerve.

Question 14

Palatine tonsil blood supply and lymphatic drainage

Answer 14

Arterial supply: (branches from ECA)
a. Maxillary artery
b. Ascending pharyngeal artery
c. Facial artery
d. Lingual artery

• Venous drainage: Para tonsillar veins drains into pharyngeal plexus

• Lymphatic drainage: Jugulo-digastric node

Question 15

Pharynx blood , nerve supply and lymph node

Answer 15

Arterial supply:
a. Ascending pharyngeal A. ⇦ ECA
b. Ascending palatine A. ⇦ Facial A.
c. Greater palatine A. ⇦ Maxillary A
d. Pharyngeal branch. ⇦ Maxillary A

• Venous drainage: Pharyngeal plexus ⇨ Internal
jugular vein

• Lymphatic drainage: Retropharyngeal & deep
cervical lymph nodes

• Sensory nerve supply:
a. Nasopharynx : Maxillary nerve.
b. Oropharynx : Glossopharyngeal nerve.
c. Laryngopharynx : Vagus nerve

Question 16

Esophagus blood , nerve supply and lymphatic drainage

Answer 16

Arterial supply:
• Cervical part – Inferior thyroid artery
• Thoracic part – Thoracic aorta
• Abdominal part – Left gastric artery

Venous Drainage:
• Inferior thyroid vein
• Azygous vein
• Left gastric Vein

Lymphatic drainage:
• Upper part – Deep cervical LNs
• Middle part – Mediastinal LNs
• Lower part – Celiac LNs

Nerve Supply:
• Autonomic nerve supply from esophageal plexus
• Esophageal plexus = sympathetic ganglia (Symp. Fibers) + 2 vagi (parasymp. Fibers)

Question 17

Arterial supply of duodenum

Answer 17

Superior Pancreatico-duodenal artery – from– Gastroduodenal A – (Coelic trunk)
Inferior Pancreaticoduodenal artery – from Sup. Mesenteric A

Additional arteries for DI
Right gastric artery
Supraduodenal artery
Right gastroepiploic artery

Question 18

Venous and lymphatic drainage of duodenum

Answer 18

Venous drainage
Sup. Pancreaticoduodenal Vein — à&raquo_space; Portal Vein
Inf. Pancreaticoduodenal Vein – à»> Sup. Mesenteric Veinà> Portal Vein

Lymphatic drainage : Pancreaticoduodenal nodes&raquo_space;> hepatic nodes &raquo_space;> Coelic nodes

Question 19

Blood , nerve supply and lymphatic drainage of Jejunum and Ileum

Answer 19

Arterial supply of jejunum and ileum Branches from Superior Mesenteric A

Venous drainage Superior mesenteric V —-à» Portal V

Lymphatic drainage…. Jejunum & Ileum Mesenteric nodes&raquo_space;»Superior
mesenteric nodes +Aortic nodes

Nerve supply …. Duodenum , Jejunum & Ileum Sympathetic T9-T11

Parasympathetic Vagus nerve (coelic plexus)

Question 20

Blood supply and lymphatic drainage of the appendix

Answer 20

Arterial supply of the appendix Appendicular artery…… branch from ileocolic artery….. SMA It descends behind the terminal part of the ileum then in the free margin of the mesoappendix giving branches to the appendix.
Venous drainage Appendicular vein ….. Ileocolic vein

Lymphatic drainage Ileocolic and appendicular L. Nodes

Question 21

Blood , nerve supply and lymphatic drainage of colon

Answer 21

Arterial supply of colon Branches of:
Superior mesenteric A Inferior mesenteric A

Venous drainage of colon Superior mesenteric V —à» Portal V Inferior mesenteric V

Lymphatic drainage of colon
Epiploic L. Nodes
Paracolic L. Nodes
Intermediate L. Nodes
Terminal (Superior and Inferior Mesenteric L. Nodes)

Nerve supply
Sympathetic T11-L1

Parasympathetic Vagus nerve

Question 22

Blood , nerve supply and lymphatic drainage of the rectum

Answer 22

Arterial supply of rectum
Superior rectal artery……Continuation of inferior mesenteric artery
Middle rectal artery …….Branch from internal iliac artery
Median sacral artery……Aorta (anorectal junction- Poaterior wall)
Inferior rectal artery ……Branch from internal pudendal artery

Venous drainage of the rectum
Superior rectal vein ………continues as inferior mesenteric vein (Portal)
Middle rectal vein …………ends in the internal iliac vein (systemic)
Inferior rectal vein ………. ends in the internal pudendal vein (systemic)

Lymphatic drainage of the rectum Proximal1/2 Into the para-rectal and inferior mesenteric lymph nodes Distal 1/2 Into internal iliac lymph nodes

Innervation The rectum receives sensory and autonomic innervations.
Sympathetic nervous supply L1-2 spinal segments to the rectum is from the lumbar splanchnic nerves and superior and inferior hypogastric plexuses.

Parasympathetic supply is from S2-4 via the pelvic splanchnic nerves and inferior hypogastric plexuses. Visceral afferent (sensory) fibres follow the parasympathetic supply.

Question 23

Blood, nerve supply and lymphatic drainage of Anal canal ?

Answer 23

Upper endodermal part

Autonomic from (Symp. L1,2 + Paras. S2,3,4 via
pelvic splanchnic nerve), so sensitive to stretch.

Sup. rectal artery from inf. mesenteric artery
•Middle rectal artery from int. illiac artery

▪Sup. rectal vein (ends into inf. mesenteric v.)
(Portal circulation)
▪Middle. rectal vein (ends into Int. iliac vein) (Systemic circulation)

internal iliac LN

Lower ectodermal part

Somatic supply by inferior rectal nerve supply nerve S2,3,4, so sensitive to pain.

Inf. Rectal artery from internal pudendal artery

Inf. rectal vein (ends internal pudendal v.) drainage (Systemic circulation)

superficial inguinal LN