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MSAP Week 4 > Anatomy > Flashcards

Anatomy Flashcards

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1
Q

Classifications for the respiratory system

A

Conducting portion and respiratory portion

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2
Q

Nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchiales, terminal bronchioles

A

Conducting portion

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3
Q

Respiratory Bronchiole, aveolar duct, alveolar sac and alveoli

A

respiratory portion

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4
Q

Upper Respiratory tract

A

Nose and pharynx

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5
Q

lower respiratory tract

A

Larynx, trachea, Bronchi and lungs

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6
Q

Active contraction of the diaphragm

A

inhalation

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7
Q

When does the diaphragm flatten

A

when contracted

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8
Q

what elevates the ribs

A

contraction

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9
Q

when does the diaphragm become more domed shaped

A

when it relaxes

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10
Q

Thoracic walls

  1. Superior
  2. Inferior
  3. Lateral
  4. Anterior
  5. Posterior
A
  1. Superior: Thoracic inlet
  2. Inferior: Diaphragm
  3. Lateral: ribs
  4. Anterior: Manubrium and sternum
  5. Posterior: thoracic vertebrae
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11
Q

True Ribs:
False ribs: and where they attach
Floating Ribs:

A

True: 1-7 and vertebra to sternum
False: attach at 7th rib’s cartilage
floating 11-12 only attach at vertebrae

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12
Q

Olfaction occurs

A

in the olfactory mucosa in the superior 1/3 of the nasal cavity

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13
Q

Olfaction is caused by

A

hairlike projections from the olfactory bulb(CN 1) from the cranial cavity to the ethmoid bone

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14
Q

what is the cribriform plate

A

area where the hairlike projections pass through from cranial cavity to the ethmoid bone.

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15
Q

Frontal Sinus

A
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16
Q

Ethmoid sinus

A
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17
Q

Maxillary Sinus

A
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18
Q

Boundaries of the nasal cavity
roof
anterior to posterior

A

Nasal, frontal, ethmoid, sphenoid

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19
Q

Boundaries of the nasal cavity
Floor
anterior to posterior

A

Maxilla and palatine

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20
Q

Boundaries of the nasal cavity
Medial
anterior to posterior

A

Septal Cartilage, vomer and ethmoid bone

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21
Q

Lateral of the nasal cavity

A
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22
Q

3 regions of the pharynx

A

Nasopharynx, oropharynx and larygngophyrnx

23
Q

Larynx

A

Know the anatomy

24
Q

Trachea 4 distinct layers

A

mucosa
submucosa
hyaline cartilage
adventitia

25
Q

what type of rings make uo the hyaline cartilage

A

16-20c shaped

26
Q

where division occurs in the trachea

A

carina(internal ridge)

27
Q

Whats the histology of the bronchial tree

A

Cartilage decrease and smooth muscle increases

28
Q

Sympathetic NS effects on trachea

A

Relaxation and dilation

29
Q

Parasympathetic NS effects on trachea

A

contraction and constriction

30
Q

Layers of the pleural

A

parietal and visceral and are continuous into each other

31
Q

Pleural cavity

A

space between two layers and has surfactant to reduce surface tension

32
Q

What is the name of the region that makes the left lung 10% smaller

A

cardiac notch

33
Q

Right lung fissures

A

horizontal and oblique

34
Q

left lung fissures

A

oblique

35
Q

Type 1 alveolar cells

A

thin squamous and main site of gas exchange

36
Q

type II alveolar cells

A

aka septal cells and contain microvilli and secret alveolar fluid to help prevent collapasation

37
Q

Functions of the kidney system

A
  • Filter blood
  • regulate blood vol and composition
  • reg BP
  • synth glucose and vit D
  • release of erytroprotien
  • excreations of wastes
  • transportions
38
Q

Where is the kidney located

A

retroperitoneal organ pressed to the posterior abdominal wall
T12-L3

39
Q

coverings of the kidney

A

Capsule-protective
Perinephrinc fat-adipose tissues
renal fasciae
pararenal fat

40
Q

Hilum

A

transmission of neurovascular structure

41
Q

Cortex is the outermost layers and is granular in appearance has abundant of renal corpuscles and convoluted tubules

A
42
Q

Medula

A

Pyramidal shape w/ apex being renal papilla and collecting ducts

43
Q

Parenchyma

A

functional unit of the kidney made up of nephrons

44
Q

lobes

A

correct and medulla and half od he adjacent renal columns

45
Q

Renal pelvis

A

collects urine from major and minor calyces

46
Q

Renal sinus

A

fat filled cavity surrounding the chalices and renal pelvis

47
Q

Renal Artery –> Segmental Artery –> Interlobular artery –> Arucate artery –> renal vein(s/p caps)

A
48
Q

What do the cortical nephrons lack

A

Thin ascending limb

Bowmans capsule, pct, descending loop of(thick only) loop of henle, Ascending loop(thin to thick), DCT, collecting duct

49
Q

Juxramedularry

A

Bowmans capsule, pct, descending loop of(thick to thin) loop of henle, Ascending loop(thin to thick), DCT, collecting duct

50
Q

Glomerulus

A

Capillary network w/ afferent(in) and efferent (out) arterioles

51
Q

Calls of glomerulus

A

Parietal(outer) and Visceral layer(podocytes)

52
Q

When does typical transition of epitiuml of the urinary system

A

at the minor calyx

53
Q

3 constrains fo the utterer from superior to inferior

A

UPJ
pelvic brim
and UVJ

54
Q

Structure of the bladder

A

Mucosa
detrusor muscle
adventitia

MSAP Week 4 (3 decks)

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