Anatomy Flashcards
from what part of the brachial plexus does the musculocutaneous nerve arise?
Lateral Cord (C5,6,7)
how does the musculocutaneous nerve leave the axilla?
By piercing coracobrachialis
where does the musculocutaneous nerve travel in the arm?
Between biceps and brachialis
where does the musculocutaneous nerve travel at the elbow?
Lateral to biceps tendon becoming lateral cutaneous nerve of forearm
what does the musculocutaneous nerve supply? (motor)?
Anterior compartment of arm:
Biceps
brachialis
Coracobrachialis
what does the musculocutaneous nerve supply? (sensory)?
lateral forearm
from what part of the brachial plexus does the axillary nerve arise?
Posterior Cord (C5,6,7)
how does the axillary nerve leave the axilla?
- travels anterior to subscapularis
- travels posteriorly
- leaves via quadrangular space
what are the terminal branches of the axillary nerve?
- Anterior - deltoid
- posterior - to teres minor + sensation
(upper lateral nerve of ARM)
what forms the radial border of the carpal tunnel?
Scaphoid tubercle and trapezium
what forms the ulnar border of the carpal tunnel?
Pisiform and hook of hamate
what forms the floor of the carpal tunnel?
proximal carpal row bones
what forms the roof of the carpal tunnel?
flexor retinaculum
what are the contents of the carpal tunnel?
median nerve
4x FDP tendons
4 x FDS tendons
FPL tendon
where is the palmar cutaneous branch of the median nerve given off?
Before entering the carpal tunnel
from which part of the brachial plexus does the radial nerve arise?
Posterior Cord (C5-T1)
how does the radial nerve leave the axilla?
through triangular interval along with profunda brachia artery going posterolaterally
where does the radial nerve travel in the arm?
- Descends in spiral groove
- pierces inter muscular septum
- enters anterior compartment of arm
where does the radial nerve travel at the elbow?
- lies anterior to lateral epicondyle
- enters forearm between brachialis + brachioradialis
what are the terminal branches of the radial nerve?
- Branches to ECRL + brachioradialis
- Posterior interosseous nerve (travels between 2 heads of supinator)
- Superficial radial nerve
from which part of the brachial plexus does the median nerve arise?
Medial + Lateral Cords (C6-T1)
where does the median nerve travel in the arm?
- Lateral to brachial artery
- moves medial to brachial artery half way down arm
where does the median nerve travel at the elbow?
- enters anterior compartment of forearm
- between 2 heads of pronator teres
- in cubital fossa
where does the median nerve travel in the forearm?
Between FDS + FDP
what branches does the median nerve give off in the forearm?
- anterior interosseous nerve
- palmar cutaneous branch
which branches does the median nerve give off after passing through the carpal tunnel?
- Recurrent motor branch
- Palmar digital branch
which muscles are innervated by the anterior interosseous nerve?
deep anterior compartment
- FPL
- Radial 1/2 of FDP
- PQ
which muscles are supplied by the recurrent motor branch of the median nerve?
Thenar muscles
LOAF
from where in the brachial plexus does the ulnar nerve arise?
Medial Cord (C8,T1)
where does the ulnar nerve travel in the arm?
Medial side
posterior to axillary vessels
where does the ulnar nerve travel in the forearm?
Between FDP + FCU
where does the ulnar nerve travel in the wrist?
- superficial to flexor retinaculum
- medial to ulnar artery
- through guyons canal
- terminates in deep + superficial branches
which structures pass posterior to the medial malleolus?
T - tibialis posterior
D - flexor digitorum longus
A - posterior tibial artery
V - posterior tibial vein
N - tibial nerve
H - flexor hallucis longus
which structures pass anterior to the medial malleolus?
Long saphenous vein
Saphenous nerve
which structures pass posterior to the lateral malleolus?
Peroneus brevis
Peroneus longus
Sural nerve
Short saphenous vein
which of the peroneus muscles is closer to the bone?
Peroneus brevis
which nerve may be damaged when approaching the fibula?
superficial peroneal nerve
does the ulnar nerve travel medial or lateral to the ulnar artery at the wrist?
Medial
Through what canal does the ulnar nerve travel at the elbow?
Cubital Tunnel
The ulnar nerve arises from which cord of the brachial plexus?
Medial (C8-T1)
the ulnar nerve pierces what septum in the arm?
Mid fascial septum to enter posterior compartment
the ulnar nerve lies medial or lateral to the brachial artery in the arm?
Medial
The ulnar nerve supplies what muscles in the forearm?
FCU and ulnar 1/2 of FDP
the median nerve arises from what cords of the brachial plexus?
Medial and Lateral
through what space does the radial nerve leave the axilla?
Triangular interval
the radial nerve travels with what artery through much of its course?
Profunda Brachii artery
what are the terminal branches of the radial nerve?
Deep branch
Superficial radial nerve
the deep branch of the radial nerve becomes the posterior interosseous nerve at what point?
When is enters supinator
which 3 muscles attach to the coracoid?
Coracobrachialis, Biceps SH, pec minor
Where does the biceps insert?
Bicipital tuberosity of radius
what does the neural arch of a vertebra consist of?
2 transverse processes, 1 spinous process
facet joints are formed of what?
superior and inferior articular processes of adjacent vertebra
facet joints are a form of what joint? (zygapophyseal joints)
synovial joint
joints can be 1 of 3 types?
Fibrous
Cartilaginous
Synovial
what is an example of a fibrous joint?
Between bones of skull
Non moveable
what is an example of a cartilaginous joint?
IV discs, between vertebrae (somewhat moveable)
what is an example of a synovial joint?
Hip
Freely moveable
what is an example of a synovial joint?
Hip
Freely moveable
what is the structure of an intervertebral disc?
Outer fibrous ring - annulus fibrosus
Inner gel like - nucleus pulposus
intervertebral discs form what kind of joint?
fibrocartiliginous
what is the function of the intervertebral discs?
Shock absorption
Allow slight movement
