Anatomy Flashcards
What is the angle created by the femoral neck and proximal femur in the frontal plane called?
Angle of inclination
Angle of inclination >135 results in?
Coxa valga
Angle of inclination <120 results in?
Coxa vara
What is the angle formed between the femoral neck and a line distally bissecting the femoral condyles in the transverse plane called?
Torsion angle
What is the normal range for the torsion angle?
8-20 degrees
Which ligament limits hip extension, ER, adduction/abduction?
Iliofemoral ligament
Which anterior ligament limits hip extension and abduction?
Pubofemoral ligament
Which hip ligament is posterior
Ischiofemoral ligament
What motions does the ischiofemoral ligament constrain?
Hip extension and IR
What are the primary hip flexors?
Rectus femoris & iliopsoas
What are the secondary hip flexors?
Pectineus, adductor longus, TFL, sartorius
What are the primary hip extensors?
Gluteus maximus
Hamstrings: semitendinosus, semimembranosus, biceps femoris
What are the secondary hip extensors?
Gluteus medius
Adductor longus
What are the primary hip abductors?
Gluteus medius & minimus
What are the secondary hip abductors?
Gluteus maximus, TFL, sartorius, piriformis
Which muscles form the hip adductor complex?
Adductor magnus, adductor longus, adductor brevis
Which muscles adduct the hip?
Adductor complex
Gracilis
Pectineus
True/False: There are no primary hip internal rotators
True
Which muscles contribute to hip IR?
Gluteus medius & minimus, TFL, adductor longus, adductor brevis, pectineus
What are the primary hip external rotators?
Gluteus maximus Piriformis Obturator externus Obturator internus Gemellus superior Gemellus inferior Quadratus femoris
What are the secondary hip external rotators?
Gluteus medius & minimus
Long head of biceps femoris
