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Derm Surgery > Anatomy > Flashcards

Anatomy Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

What nerve innervates lateral part of first toe and median part of second toe?

A

deep peroneal nerve, dorsal

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2
Q

Motor innervation of the face lies where in relation to SMAS?

above/below/within

A

below

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3
Q

CN VII = facial nerve emerges from the skull at what location?

A

stylomastoid foramen

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4
Q

which division of cranial nerve V provides sensory innervation ot the lower eyelid?

To Zanzibar By Motor Car

A

V2 - Maxillary division

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5
Q

What 6 nerves are included in the Ophthalmic branch (V1)

A

use foramen as benchmarks:

Frontal

  • supraorbital (median branch, lateral branch) - forehead, scalp, upper lid
  • supratrochlear - medial upper lid, medial forehead, scalp

Infratrochlear - root of nose, methial canthus

Anterior ethmoidal (external nasal branch) - nasal dorsum, tip, supratip, columella

Nasociliary - anterior nasal septum, nasal wall, cornea, iris, sphenoid sinuses

Ciliary - cornea

Lacrimal - lateral eyelid

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6
Q

What does nasociliary branch of ophthalmic branch of trigeminal nerve innervate?

A

Nasociliary - anterior nasal septum, nasal wall, cornea, iris, sphenoid sinuses

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7
Q

Nerve 4 branches of maxillary branch of V2?

A
  • infraorbital - medial cheek, upper lip, nasal sidewal, lower eyelid
  • zygomaticofacial - malar emminence
  • zygomaticotemporal - temple, suptratemporal scalp
  • superior alveolar /palatine - upper teeth, palate, nasal mucosa, gingiva
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8
Q

4 nerves of Mandibular branch (V3)?

A
  • auiculotemporal - extenral ear, auditory canal, temple, tymphanic membrane
  • buccal - cheek, buccal mucosa, gingiva
  • inferior alveolar - mandibular teeth, chin and lower lip (mental nerve)
  • lingual - anterior 2/3 of tongue, floor of mouth, lower gingiva
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9
Q

Which muscles are innervated by temporal branch of cranial nerve VII?

A
  • frontalis
  • orbicularis oculi
  • corrugator supercilii
  • +- procerus (traditionally zygomatic)
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10
Q

What part of the nail plate is formed by the proximal nail matrix?

A

dorsal surface of the nail plate

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11
Q

Between which two arteries is the anastomosis between ECA and ICA on the face?

A

between the angular artery (from external carotid) and the dorsal nasal branch of the ophthalmic artery (off the ICA)

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12
Q

Nerve injury as a result of dermatologic surgery over the mid mandible is a direct result of injury to which branch of the facial nerve ? What clinical signs result form this injury?

A

injury to marginal mandibular branch of CN VII (not to be confused with V3 - Mandibular branch of CN V) as it passes over the mandible

results in drooping of the corner of the mouth

(mentalis, depressor labii inferioris, depressor anguli oris = M+ DLI, DAO)

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13
Q

Nerve block of the median nerve at the dorsal wrist involves injection between which two tendons (American Board)?

A

palmaris longus (median) and flexor carpi radialis (lateral)

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14
Q

Which muscles of the eye are not innervated by cranial nerve III?

A

lateral rectus (IV)

superior oblique (IV)

superior (V) and lateral has I and I and I -> IV

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15
Q

which nerve from the cervical plexus supplies sensory innervation to the anterior posterior lobule of the ear + overlying mastoid process?

A

greater auricular nerve

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16
Q

What nerves provide sensory innervation of external ear?

A

greater auricular

lesser occipital

auriculotemporal

cranial nerves VII, IX, X

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17
Q

What is the appropriate plane of undermining when performing surgery or reconstruction of temple?

A

superficial subQ fat ABOVE the SMAS (the temporal branch of CN VII lies within or immediately deep to SMAS at the temple, making it +++ susceptible ot injury, as it travels to lateral brow it dives into frontalis which protects it from injury

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18
Q

an injury to which motor branches of cranial nerve VII can be temporary

A

zygomatic and buccal nerves have ++ rami and cross innervation (ie nerves with most frequent injuries)

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19
Q

a ring block around the ear will numb the entire ear except for which portions?

A

the concha and external auditory canal (VII, IX, X)

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20
Q

what chemical is used for chemical matricectomy?

A

88% phenol

MA: also in BakerGordon peel (deep)

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21
Q

which branch of CN VII innervates corrugator supercillii?

A

temporal branch

but procerus/nasalis is maxillary

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22
Q

when does fingernail development begin?

A

embryo week 10 (same as melanocyte?)

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23
Q

what is the maximum volume of anesthetic for a digital nerve block?

A

8 ml

24
Q

which muscle, which assists in mastication, is supplied by CN VII?

A

buccinator - “ assists” in mastication by keeping food pushed into teeth

other muscles of mastication are supplied by CN V

25
Q

What are the 4 muscles of mastication?

A
  • temporalis
  • masseter
  • medial pterygoid
  • lateral pterygoid

Movements: protraction (mandible forward), retraction (mandible backwards), elevation (mandible up), depression (mandible down), rotation (side to side of mandible)

26
Q

What nerve innervates muscles of mastication?

A

CN V2 NOT VII!

27
Q

Which branch of the trigeminal nerve has motor fibers?

A

V3 - supplies muscles of mastication (medial and lateral pterygoid, temporalis and masseter).

28
Q

What is the name of the perforating vessel that connects the great saphenous vein to the deep femoral veins of the leg at the level of the distal thigh? (American)

A

Dodd perforators (look like holes 0 0 0 0)

29
Q

Which nerve providing sensory innervation to the sole of the foot is the only one to be derived from femoral nerve more proximally in the lower extremity?

A

saphenous nerve

all other sensory nerves on the foot are from sciatic nerve

30
Q

what nerve innervates medial malleolus?

A

dorsal saphenous (just like plantar fasc)

31
Q

What nerves innervate plantar foot?

A

saphenous (medial)

medial plantar

lateral plantar

sural (lateral)

tibial (heel)

32
Q

What nerve innervates first 4 digits of palmar hand?

A

median nerve (first 3 digits making an M)

33
Q

What nerve innervates this area of hand?

A

radial (palmar side innervated by median)

34
Q

What parts of the palm/fingers are innervated by ulnar nerve?

A

1 1/2 lateral digits (D4, D5 both palmar and dorsal side)

35
Q

Which division of the opthalmic branch V1 is responsible for sensory innervation of the conjunctiva?

A

lacrimal

conjunctiva involves eyelid, and lacrimal nerve innervates eyelid

don’t confuse with nasociliary branch, which innervates cornea and iris (way more dangerous) and ciliary which innervates corneal surface

36
Q

american: split nails that are visible usually occur due to biopsy of what portion of the nail?

A

proximal matrix (superficial/dorsal nail production - > visible)

37
Q

which nerve is susceptible to injury in cutaneous surgeries involving lateral upper leg?

A

common peroneal - wraps around the head of figula

38
Q

American: ulnar nerve block at dorsal wrist involves injection lateral to which tendon?

A

flexor carpi ulnaris tendon

39
Q

What nerve innervates the majority of anterior foot?

A

superficial peroneal nerve

40
Q

sensory innervation of the face lies where (above/below/within) SMAS?

A

above or within

41
Q

which division of V3 applies sensory innervation to the tragus?

A

auriculotemporal nerve

42
Q

when does toenail development begin?

A

week 14 embryologic

43
Q

Frey’s syndrome is classically associated with what 3 symptoms?

A

Frey’s = damage to auriculotemporal nerve

classically: pain, vasodilation and sweating of lateral cheek (nerve distribution) during or immediately prior to eating

44
Q

A fingernail grows from the matrix to distal edge over what time?

A

4-6 months

45
Q

which 3 nerves exit at Erb’s point along posterior SCM?

A

mostly ear nerves

  • greater auricular
  • lesser occipital
  • spinal accessory XI (supplies sternocleidomastoid its at and trap)
46
Q

nerve block at plantar surface is done at which location?

A

posterior tibial - behind mid malleolus

sural - behind lat maleolus

saphenous - above mid malleolus

47
Q

Which muscle of facial expression is primarily responsible for smile?

A

zygomatic major and minor

48
Q

toenail grows form matrix to distal free edge over what time period?

A

12-18 months

49
Q

digital ischemia in surgery is a result of what 2 factors?

A

too much anesthetic volume or excessive tourniquet pressure

50
Q

what nerve innervates this area of the foot (mid maleolus)?

A

saphenous nerve

51
Q

true or false: nail matrix lacks granular layer

A

true

52
Q

American: name of perforating vessel that connects great saphenous vein to deep femoral veins of the leg at the level of the knee?

A

Boyd perforators (like Dodds look like circles 0000)

53
Q

Which nerve from the cervical plexus supplies sensory innervation to upper posterior auricle and scalp posterior to the upper ear?

A

lesser occipital

54
Q

what can cause pterygium after nail matrix biopsy?

A

if proximal nail fold and matrix adhere to each other and form scar

55
Q

CVII/facial nerve is primarily a motor nerve but does provide sensory fibers to 2 which 2 locations?

A

anterior 2/3 of tongue (taste)

conchal bowl (VII and IX and X)

ASDS 100 slides for anatomy done

Derm Surgery (1 decks)

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