anatomy Flashcards
anatomy
the study of the organs and systems of the body
physiology
the study of the functions of these organs and systems
gross anatomy
the study of structures that can be seen w/ the naked eye
histology
study of structures to small to see other than through a microscope
cells
all nerves, bones, and body systems are made up of cells
nucleus
the control centre of the cell
cytoplasm
the production department of the cell
cell membrane
outer surface of the cell
mitosis
human cells do this, dividing in half
metabolism
the chemical process which cells receive nutrient for cell growth and reproduction
anabolism
the process of building up larger molecules from smaller ones, body stores water food and oxygen
catabolism
the process of breaking down larger molecules into smaller ones. Releases energy within the cell, necessary for muscular movements and digestion
tissues
groups of cells of the same kind make up tissue
5 primary types
epithelial, connective, neve, muscular, liquid
epithelial tissue
covers and protects body surfaces and internal organs
connective tissue
supports, protects and holds the body together
nerve tissue
carries messages to and from the brain and coordinates body functions
muscular tissue
contracts, when stimulated to produce motion
liquid tissue
carries food, waste products and hormones
organs
separate body structures that perform specific functions. composed of 2 or more types of tissue, 8 primary organs are brain, eyes, heart, lungs, stomach, liver, kidneys, skin.
brain
controls all body functions
eyes
provides sight
heart
circulates blood
lungs
supplies blood with oxygen
stomach and intestines
digests food
liver
removes toxic byproducts of digestion
kidneys
eliminates water & waste products
skin
forms body external protective layer, body largest organ.
body systems (10)
skeletal, muscular, circulatory, nervous, digestive, excretory, respiratory, endocrine, reproductive, integumentary.
skeletal system
provides the framework of the body
muscular system
moves the body
circulatory system
circulates blood through the body
nervous system
sends and receives messages
digestive system
supplies nutrients too the body
excretory system
eliminates waste from the body
respiratory system
controls breathing
endocrine system
controls growth, health and reproduction
reproductive system
generates new life to continue the species
integumentary system
covers and protects the entire body
muscle tissues
3 types, voluntary, involuntary, cardiac
