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Medical Nutrition Terminology > Anatomical Terms > Flashcards

Anatomical Terms Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
0
Q

Ventral, ventr/o

A

Near or on the belly side of the body

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1
Q

Dorsal, Dors/o

A

Near or on the back

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2
Q

Anterior, anter/o

A

Toward the front or in front of

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3
Q

Posterior, poster/o

A

Following or located behind

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4
Q

Cephalic, cephal/o

A

Upward, toward the head

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5
Q

caudal, caudad, caud/o

A

downward, towards the tail

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6
Q

medial, medi/o

A

toward the midline

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7
Q

lateral, later/o

A

toward the side, away from the midline

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8
Q

superior, super/o

A

above

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9
Q

inferior, infer/o

A

below

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10
Q

proximal, proxim/o

A

near the point of origin

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11
Q

distal, dist/o

A

away from the point of origin

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12
Q

sagittal, sagitt/o

A

vertical, anteroposterior direction or plane dividing into left and right

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13
Q

coronal, coron/o

A

resembling a crown or encircling

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14
Q

axillary

A

armpit

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15
Q

posterolatero

A

back and side

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16
Q

anterolateral

A

front and side

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17
Q

anteromedial

A

front and middle

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18
Q

anterosuperior

A

front and top

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19
Q

posteroexternal

A

back and outside of the body

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20
Q

posterointernal

A

back and inside of the body

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21
Q

coronal, coron/o

A

resembling a crown or encircling

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22
Q

anteroposterior

A

pertaining to the front and back (from front to back)

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23
Q

ventrodorsal

A

pertaining to the front and back, from front to back

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24
Q

dorsocephalad

A

toward the back of the head

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25
Q

-ad (suffix)

A

toward

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26
Q

ventrad (ventral)

A

toward the front

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27
Q

anterior (-ad)

A

toward the front

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28
Q

PA

A

posteroanterior (from back to front)

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29
Q

AP

A

anteroposterior (from front to back)

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30
Q

LAT

A

lateral (position)

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31
Q

LPO

A

left posterior oblique (position)

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32
Q

mediolateral

A

middle and side

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33
Q

superolateral

A

above and to the side

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34
Q

cephalocaudal

A

head to tail

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35
Q

midsagittal

A

vertical, anteroposterior direction cut at the midline to cut body into equal right and left halves

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36
Q

omphal/o

A

navel, umbilicus

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37
Q

omphalitis

A

inflammation of the navel/umbilicus

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38
Q

omphalic

A

pertaining to the navel/umbilicus

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39
Q

omphalectomy

A

excision of the umbilicus/navel

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40
Q

omphalocele

A

herniation of the navel/umbilicus (umbilical hernia)

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41
Q

umbilicocele

A

umbilical hernia

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42
Q

omphalorrhagia

A

hemorrhage of umbilicus (umbilical hemorrhage)

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43
Q

-rrhagia

A

hemorrhage

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44
Q

-rrhea

A

discharge flowing from

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45
Q

-rrhexis

A

rupture of

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46
Q

omphalorrhea

A

discharge flowing from navel

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47
Q

omphalorrhexis

A

rupture of navel

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48
Q

-ad

A

toward

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49
Q

cephalad

A

toward the head

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50
Q

caudad

A

toward the tail

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51
Q

pro-

A

in front of, before

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52
Q

gnosis, gnosia

A

knowledge

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53
Q

prognosis (Px)

A

foreknowledge, predicting outcome of a disease

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54
Q

procephalic

A

in front of the head

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55
Q

dia

A

throughout

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56
Q

diagnosis (Dx)

A

knowing through (identifying a disease through signs and symptoms)

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57
Q

sign

A

objective information about a patient that is observable

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58
Q

symptom

A

subjective information bc patient tells you how he feels or what he has experienced (may not be observable)

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59
Q

ICD

A

International Classification of Diseases - lists and assigns codes
to thousands of diagnoses

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60
Q

diarrhea

A

flowing through

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61
Q

dialysis

A

separation of substances in a solution

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62
Q

hemodialysis

A

removes waste from blood using artificial kidney machine

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63
Q

-tocia

A

labor

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64
Q

dys-

A

difficult, hard, abnormal, bad, hard

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65
Q

eu-

A

well, easy

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66
Q

dystocia

A

difficult, painful labor

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67
Q

eutocia

A

easy or normal labor

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68
Q

than

A

death

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69
Q

euhanasia

A

easy or peaceful death

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70
Q

eugenics

A

good development

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71
Q

bioethics

A

ethics about living things

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72
Q

enter/o

A

intestine (small)

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73
Q

col/o

A

intestine (large)

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74
Q

dysentery

A

infection of the intestine that causes pain, diarrhea, blood in stool; bacterial, viral, parasitic

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75
Q

men/o

A

menses

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76
Q

menarche

A

female’s first menstrual cycle

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77
Q

menorrhea

A

flow of menses

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78
Q

dysmenorrhea

A

painful or difficult menstrual flow

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79
Q

menopause

A

permanent cessation on menses

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80
Q

menorrhagia

A

excessive menstruation or menstrual hemorrhage

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81
Q

amenorrhea

A

without menstrual flow

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82
Q

menostasis

A

stopping menstrual flow

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83
Q

-stasis

A

the act or condition of stopping or controlling

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84
Q

hemostasis

A

act of controlling blood flow

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85
Q

phlebostasis

A

act of controlling blood flow in veins

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86
Q

venostasis

A

act of controlling blood flow in veins

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87
Q

arteriostasis

A

control of flow in arteries

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88
Q

lymphostasis

A

control of lymph flow

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89
Q

hemostat

A

instrument used during surgery to control blood flow by clamping off an artery or vein

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90
Q

homeostasis

A

staying the same, balance of body functions

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91
Q

-pathy

A

disease

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92
Q

syphil/o

A

syphilis

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93
Q

syphilopsychosis

A

mentsl condition caused by syphilis

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94
Q

syphiloma

A

syphilitic tumor

95
Q

syphilotherapy

A

therapy for syphilis

96
Q

syphilopathy

A

any syphilitic disease

97
Q

-cyesis

A

pregnancy

98
Q

pseudo-

A

false

99
Q

pseudoscience

A

false science

100
Q

pseudocyesis

A

false pregnancy

101
Q

pseudomania

A

psychosis in which patients have false or pretended mental disorder

102
Q

pseudoparalysis

A

false paralysis (paralysis not due to nerve damage)

103
Q

pseudocyst

A

false cyst

104
Q

pseudoedema

A

false edema

105
Q

pseudoesthesia

A

false sensation

106
Q

pseudohypertrophy

A

false hypertrophy

107
Q

pseudoneuroma

A

false nerve tumor

108
Q

viscera

A

internal organs of the body

109
Q

viscerad

A

towards the viscera

110
Q

viscerogenic

A

development of organs

111
Q

viscer/o

A

viscera

112
Q

peritoneum

A

membrane that lines the abdominal cavity

113
Q

visceral pleura membrane

A

membrane that covers the lungs

114
Q

visceral pleura

A

membrane on the surface of the lung

115
Q

pariet/o

A

wall

116
Q

parietal pleura

A

membrane on chest cavity wall

117
Q

visceral peritoneum

A

membrane on the surface of the organs of the abdominal cavity

118
Q

parietal peritoneum

A

membrane of the abdominal cavity wall

119
Q

-ptosis

A

prolapse

120
Q

visceroptosis

A

prolapse of organs

121
Q

visceralgia

A

pain in organs

122
Q

visceral

A

pertaining to organs

123
Q

ecto-

A

outer-outside

124
Q

endo-

A

inner inside

125
Q

meso-

A

middle

126
Q

retro-

A

backward, behind

127
Q

para-

A

near

128
Q

viscerogenic

A

pertaining to the development of organs

129
Q

visceroskeletal

A

pertaining to organs and skeleton

130
Q

viscerosensory

A

sensory function of organs

131
Q

blastoderm

A

embryonic disk of cells

132
Q

endoderm

A

inner germ layer (organs)

133
Q

ectoderm

A

outer germ layer (includes skin, nervous system, sense organs and some glands)

134
Q

mesogerm

A

middle germ layer (organs-muscle)

135
Q

ecto-

A

outside

136
Q

exo-

A

outside

137
Q

endogenous

A

something produced within an organism

138
Q

exogenous/ectogenous

A

something produced outside of the organism

139
Q

poly-

A

excessive

140
Q

polyuria

A

excessive urination

141
Q

polydipsia

A

excessive thirst

142
Q

polyphagia

A

excessive hunger

143
Q

ectocytic

A

outside a cell

144
Q

endocystic

A

inside a bladder

145
Q

-plasm

A

substance of cells

146
Q

proto-

A

first (prototype)

147
Q

protoplasm

A

substance of life

148
Q

ectoplasm

A

protoplasm that forms outer membrane of cell

149
Q

endoplasm or cytoplasm

A

protoplasm within cell

150
Q

endocranial

A

within the cranium

151
Q

endochondral

A

within cartilage

152
Q

endoenteritis

A

inflammation of the lining of the small intestine

153
Q

endocardial or endocardiac

A

pertaining to the lining of the heart

154
Q

endocolitis

A

inflammation of the lining of the colon

155
Q

endoscope

A

instrument used to look inside a hollow organ or cavity of the body, i.e. stomach

156
Q

gastroscopy

A

process of viewing the stomach through an instrument

157
Q

EGD

A

esophagogastroduodenoscopy - type of endoscopy

158
Q

atheroma

A

fatty deposit on or in the inner lining of an artery

159
Q

endarterectomy

A

removal of a substance from the inside of an artery

160
Q

-ectopic

A

out of place

161
Q

top/o

A

place

162
Q

ectotopic pregnancy

A

occurs outside of the uterus, usually in a fallopian tube

163
Q

salping/o

A

fallopian tubes

164
Q

mesentery

A

middle intestine (peritoneum attaching intestine to the abdominal wall)

165
Q

mesocolon

A

peritoneum attaching large intestine to the abdominal wall (mesentery of the colon)

166
Q

mesodontic

A

pertaining to middle-sized teeth

167
Q

retrocolic

A

behind the colon

168
Q

retromammary

A

behind the breast (mammary gland)

169
Q

retrosternal

A

behind the sternum

170
Q

anteversion

A

turning forward

171
Q

retroversion

A

turning backward

172
Q

retroperitoneum

A

area behind the peritoneum

173
Q

retroperitonitis

A

inflammation of the area behind the peritoneum

174
Q

ERCP

A

endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

175
Q

endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

A

xray procedure in which an endoscope is used to inject a contrast medium into the ducts of the pancreas and gallbladder so that any obstructions can be viewed

176
Q

flexion

A

bending or shortening of a body part (usually at a joint)

177
Q

ante-

A

front or forward

178
Q

anteflexion

A

bending forward

179
Q

retroflexion

A

bending backward

180
Q

paracentral

A

near or around the center

181
Q

para-appendicitis

A

inflammation around the appendix

182
Q

paracystitis

A

inflammation around/near bladder

183
Q

paracolpitis

A

inflammation of the tissues around the vagina

184
Q

parahepatitis

A

inflammation of tissues near the liver

185
Q

paranephritis

A

inflammation of tissues near the kidney

186
Q

HGH

A

human growth hormone

187
Q

Hib

A

Hemophilis influenzae vaccine

188
Q

HPV

A

human papilloma virus

189
Q

HSG

A

hysterosalpingogram

190
Q

Hx

A

history

191
Q

H&P

A

history and physical

192
Q

IABP

A

intra-aortic balloon pump

193
Q

ICAT

A

indirect Coomb’s test

194
Q

ICSH

A

interstitial cell-stimulating hormone

195
Q

ID

A

intradermal injection, identification

196
Q

Ig

A

immunoglobulin, gamma (A, E, D, G or M)

197
Q

IM

A

intramuscular (injection)

198
Q

inf

A

infusion

199
Q

instill

A

instillation (drops)

200
Q

IPPB

A

intermittent positive pressure breathing

201
Q

IPV

A

inactivated polio virus vaccine (injectable)

202
Q

IUD

A

intrauterine device

203
Q

IV

A

intravenous

204
Q

IVC

A

intravenous catheter

205
Q

IVP

A

intravenous pyelogram

206
Q

I&D

A

incision and drainage

207
Q

I&O

A

intake and output

208
Q

KUB

A

kidney ureter bladder xray

209
Q

lab

A

laboratory

210
Q

LASER

A

light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation

211
Q

LAVH

A

laparoscopically assisted vaginal hysterectomy

212
Q

LDH

A

lactose dehydrogenase (cardiac enzyme)

213
Q

LDL

A

low-density lipoprotein

214
Q

LH

A

luteinizing hormone

215
Q

LP

A

lumbar puncture

216
Q

MASER

A

microwave amplification by stimulated emission of radiation

217
Q

MFT

A

muscle function test

218
Q

MMRV

A

measles, mumps, rubella vaccine

219
Q

MRI

A

magnetic resonance imaging

220
Q

NCS

A

nerve conduction study

221
Q

OC

A

office call

222
Q

OMT

A

osteopathic manipulative therapy

223
Q

OPG

A

oculoplethysmography

224
Q

OPV

A

oral polio vaccine

225
Q

OREF

A

open reduction external fixation

226
Q

ORIF

A

open reduction internal fixation

227
Q

O&P

A

ova and parasites test

228
Q

P+V

A

pyloroplasty and vagotomy

229
Q

Pap

A

papinocolaou test (smear); pulmonary artery pressure

230
Q

PBI

A

protein bound iodine

231
Q

PCTA

A

percutaneous transluminal angioplasty

232
Q

PCV

A

packed cell volume; pneumococcal vaccine

233
Q

PE

A

physical examination

234
Q

PET

A

positron emission tomography

235
Q

PFT

A

pulmonary function test

Medical Nutrition Terminology (1 decks)

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