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Anatomy PREP Course > Anatomical Terminology & Imaging > Flashcards

Anatomical Terminology & Imaging Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomy

A

The study of the structure and function of the human body

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2
Q

ana

A

Apart

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3
Q

tome

A

Cutting operation

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4
Q

Gross Anatomy

A

Anatomy that is visible without a microscope

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5
Q

Histology

A

Microscopic anatomy (study of tissues)

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6
Q

Cytology

A

Study of cells

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7
Q

Embryology

A

Study of embryos

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8
Q

Clinical Anatomy

A

Practice of anatomy

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9
Q

Regional Anatomy

A

focuses on internal and external regions of the body and how different systems work together in that region

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10
Q

Systemic Anatomy

A

focuses on the anatomy of different whole organ systems (ex: respiratory, digestive, nervous)

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11
Q

Anatomical Position

A

body is erect, eyes look straight to the front, arms hanging at sides, palms facing forwards, feet together

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12
Q

Cephalic

A

Head

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13
Q

Cranial

A

Skull

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14
Q

Facial

A

Orbital/Ocular, Oral,Otic

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15
Q

Limbs

A

Extremities

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16
Q

Cervical

A

Neck

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17
Q

Axillary

A

Armpit

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18
Q

Brachial

A

Arm

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19
Q

Thorasic

A

Chest

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20
Q

Mammary

A

Breast

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21
Q

Abdominal

A

Abdomen

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22
Q

Umbilical

A

Navel

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23
Q

Crural

A

Leg

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24
Q

Femoral

A

Thigh

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25
Q

Pedal

A

Foot

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26
Q

Gluteal

A

Glute

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27
Q

Perineal

A

Anal and external genetalia

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28
Q

Supine

A

Lying down (recumbent) face directed upwards

29
Q

Prone

A

Lying down (on abdomen) face directed downwards

30
Q

Lithotomy position

A

for examination of genitals and anal area, hips and knees fully flexed, thighs separated

31
Q

Body planes and sections

A

sections cut along a flat surface called a “plane”

32
Q

Anterior

A

Towards the front (coronal/frontal plane)

33
Q

Posterior

A

Towards the back

34
Q

Superior

A

Towards the head (horizontal plane)

35
Q

Inferior

A

Towards the feet

36
Q

Medial

A

Towards the midline (sagittal plane)

37
Q

Lateral

A

Away from the midline

38
Q

Ventral

A

Anterior, towards the belly

39
Q

Dorsal

A

Posterior, towards the back

40
Q

Cranial or Rostral

A

Superior, towards the head

41
Q

Caudal

A

Towards the tail

42
Q

Proximal

A

near to the trunk

43
Q

Distal

A

away from the trunk

44
Q

Terms used for hollow organs

A

Interior or Inner
Exterior or Outer

45
Q

Terms used for solid organs

A

Superficial (outer)
Deep (within)

*also used to determine distance from the surface

46
Q

Terms used to inndicate the sides

A

Ipsilateral
Contralateral

47
Q

Ipsilateral

A

of the same side

48
Q

Contralateral

A

of the opposite side

49
Q

Anatomical Movements

A

-movement occurring
-joint where movement occurs or body segment moved

EX: flexion at shoulder joint or flexion of arm
flexion at elbow or flexion of forearm

50
Q

Flexion

A

approximation of the flexor surfaces (angle of joint is reduced)

51
Q

Extension

A

approximation of the extensor surfaces (angle of joint is increased)
-opposite of flexion

52
Q

Adduction

A

movement towards the central axis

53
Q

Abduction

A

movement away from the central axis
-opposite of adduction

54
Q

Medial rotation

A

inwards rotation

55
Q

Lateral rotation

A

outward rotation

56
Q

Circumduction

A

combination of flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, medial rotation, and lateral rotation

57
Q

Pronation

A

rotation of the forearm so that the palm is turned backwards

58
Q

Supination

A

rotation of the forearm so that the palm is turned forwards

59
Q

Lateral Rotation

A

Rotation away from central axis

60
Q

Medial Rotation

A

Rotation towards central axis

61
Q

Dorsiflexion

A

Moving foot upwards (angle of joint is reduced)

62
Q

Plantarflexion foot is planting/moving downwards

A

Moving foot downwards (angle of joint is increased)

63
Q

Opposition

A

Moving closer towards another body part
Ex: pinky and thumb moving closer to each other

64
Q

Reposition

A

Moving away from another body part
Ex: pinky and thumb moving away from each other

65
Q

Eversion

A

Rolling body part away from central axis

66
Q

Inversion

A

Rolling body part towards central axis

67
Q

List of diagnostic imaging studies

A

CT Scan
Plain X-rays
MRI
Angiography
Ultrasound

68
Q

Plain Radiograph (X-Rays)

A

-Can pass through the body
-Can be deflected or scattered
-Can be absorbed

Anatomy PREP Course (1 decks)

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