Anatomical Terminology Flashcards
Universal anatomical stance
- standing upright
- Feet parallel and on the floor
- head level and looking forward
- arms at side of body
- palms facing forward and thumbs pointing away from body
- all body segments are considered to be positioned at 0 degrees
Supine position
Lying on back horizontally facing up
Prone position
Lying face down on stomach
What are the two major regions the body can be divided into?
Axial region and Appendicular
What are the body parts in the axial region?
Head, neck and trunk. It is the vertical axis of the body
What are the body parts in the appendicular region?
Upper and lower girdles and limbs.
Directional terminology
Anterior + posterior
Superior + inferior
Medial + lateral
Proximal + distal
What are synonyms for superior?
Cranial, Cephalic, superior, rostrum
What are synonyms for Inferior?
Caudal,
What is a synonym for anterior?
Ventral
What is a synonym for posterior?
Dorsal
Unilateral
One side
Bilateral
Both sides
Ipsilateral
Same sides (upper and lower left sides)
Contralateral
Different sides (upper left and lower right sides)
What is the difference between a plane and a axis?
A plane is an imaginary flat surface running through the body. An axis is an imaginary line at right angles to the plane, about which the body rotates or spins.
What are the three types of plane?
Coronal plane, Sagittal plane and transverse plane
What are the three types of axis?
Longitudinal axis, Coronal axis, sagittal axis
What is the coronal plane?
Divides the body into anterior and posterior regions
What is the sagittal plane?
Divides the body into left and right sides
What is the transverse plane?
Divides the body into superior and inferior regions
What plane and axis: Flexion
Sagittal plane, coronal axis
What plane and axis: Extension
Sagittal plane, coronal axis
What plane and axis: Hyperextension
Sagittal plane, coronal axis
