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Vet Tech > Anatomical Terminology > Flashcards

Anatomical Terminology Flashcards

1
Q

what is a tissue (general definition)

A

a group or layer of similarly specialized cells that together preform a specific function

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2
Q

what are the types of tissues

A

epithelial, muscle, connective, nerve

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3
Q

what is epithelial tissue

A

made of epithelial cells; consists of skin, can cover organs, lines body cavities, and forms portions of some ducts and glands

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4
Q

what is the purpose of epithelial tissue

A

it protects the body from sunlight and pathogens, involved in secretion of sweat or hormones, involved in exchange and absorption (oxygen and carbon dioxide)

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5
Q

what are the three types of muscle tissue

A

voluntary, involuntary or smooth, and cardiac

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6
Q

what is voluntary muscle tissue

A

controlled by conscious effort

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7
Q

what is involuntary or smooth muscle tissue

A

works without conscious effort; found inside the digestive tract and inside veins and arteries

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8
Q

what is cardiac muscle tissue

A

specialized form of involuntary tissue found only in the heart

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9
Q

what is connective tissue and its purpose

A

consists of fat, cartilage, bone, blood, and scar tissue. its function is to connect and support other body structures.

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10
Q

what is fascia

A

a type of connective tissue that forms a membrane to surround muscles and organs to separate and support them

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11
Q

what is nerve tissue

A

made up of nerve cells and extends throughout the body to carry messages to and from the brain

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12
Q

what is an organ

A

a somewhat independent body part that preforms a specific function

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13
Q

what does viscera mean

A

refers to larger internal organs especially in the abdominal cavity

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14
Q

name the body cavities

A

cranial, spinal, thoracic, abdominal, pelvic, and the diaphragm

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15
Q

cranial cavity

A

houses brain and pituitary gland

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16
Q

spinal cavity

A

houses spinal cord

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17
Q

thoracic cavity

A

houses the lungs

18
Q

abdominal cavity

A

houses the major digestive organs

19
Q

pelvic cavity

A

houses urinary and reproductive organs

20
Q

diaphragm

A

muscle-membrane wall that separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities

21
Q

define dorsal and which body cavities belong

A

means, “back” or top line of the body, it includes the cranial and spinal cavities

22
Q

define ventral and which body cavities belong

A

means, “toward the lower surface”, and includes the thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic cavities

23
Q

what is a body system

A

a group of organs functioning together for a common purpose

24
Q

lymph system purpose

A

to carry nutrients, wastes, hormones, and gasses to and from body cells and providing protection and immunity from harmful organisms.

25
Q

what is interstitial fluid and which system is it involved in

A

it is tissue fluid that surrounds the cells and it is involved in the lymph system by returning about 90% of this fluid back into the blood, the other 10% surrounds the cells

26
Q

what are and what is the purpose of lymphatic vessels

A

these vessels absorb excess interstitial fluid and transport this fluid (lymph) to ducts that drain into veins

27
Q

what are lymphocytes

A

white blood cells in lymph nodes and lymphoid tissues that are involved in immunity

28
Q

what are and what is the purpose of lymph capillaries

A

they are the smallest vessels but produce vast networks in the intercellular spaces between most organs to collect fluid that will soon be lymph when in the vessel

29
Q

what are and what is the purpose of lymph ducts

A

when lymph capillaries merge and they are carried into larger lymph vessels known as lymph ducts

30
Q

where do the lymph ducts empty into

A

either enter into the thoracic duct or the right lymphatic duct

31
Q

what does the cardiovascular system do

A

pumps blood

32
Q

what does the endocrine system do

A

secretes hormones

33
Q

what are the major endocrine glands

A

pituitary gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, adrenal gland, kidney, overy/testis, and pancreas

34
Q

what does the integumentary system include

A

skin, hair, claws, hooves, and sensory organs like eyes and ears

35
Q

what is the purpose of the integumentary system

A

to regulate temperature and communicate touch

36
Q

what is the musculoskeletal system and what does it do

A

includes the skeletal system which supports the body and the muscular system which carries out nerve commands

37
Q

what is the purpose of the digestive system

A

to process food

38
Q

what does the nervous system do

A

carries out nerve impulses to and from the brain

39
Q

what does the respiratory system do

A

conducts oxygen into, and carbon dioxide out, of the body

40
Q

reproductive system

A

allows organism to reproduce itself

41
Q

urinary system

A

produces and excretes urine

Vet Tech (8 decks)

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