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Resistance Training Program Design > Anatomical Terminology > Flashcards

Anatomical Terminology Flashcards

1
Q

What is Anatomy?

A

Anatomy is a broad field in which the structure of the body and its parts and how they are relevant to each other is studied. Anatomy can be macroscopic ( visible structures) or microscopic ( invisible structures). Anatomy can be regional ( in which all structures of the body region are studied) or systemic ( in which all systems are studied).

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2
Q

What is Anatomical terminology?

A

Directional terms used to describe the positions of structures relative to other structures or locations in the body.

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3
Q

What are the three major anatomical terms used to define position of structures and locations in the body?

A

Body directions, Body cavities & planes

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4
Q

What is the anatomical position?

A

The positioning of the body when it is standing upright, legs together, feet flat on the floor, hands at the sides of the body and the arms facing forwards

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4
Q

What does the term midline mean?

A

An imaginary vertical line down the middle of the body

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5
Q

What does the term lateral mean?

A

Further away from the midline

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6
Q

What does the term medial mean?

A

Closest to the midline

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7
Q

What does the term proximal mean?

A

The direction TOWARD the attachment of a limb to the trunk

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8
Q

What does the distal mean?

A

The region FURTHER away from the trunk

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9
Q

What does the term caudal mean?

A

An area NEAR the umbilical region

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10
Q

What does the term cranial mean?

A

An area NEAR the region of the head

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11
Q

What does the term inferior mean?

A

A region towards the feet

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11
Q

What does the term superior mean?

A

A region toward the head

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12
Q

What does the term anterior mean?

A

Close to the belly

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12
Q

What does the term posterior mean?

A

Toward the back

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13
Q

What does the term Dorsal surface mean?

A

The back of the hand

14
Q

What does the term Palmar surface mean?

A

The palm of the hand ( inside area)

15
Q

What are body cavities?

A

The body’s organs are suspended in internal chambers known as cavities.

16
Q

What terms are dorsal & ventral equivalent to?

A

The term ventral can be used as an equivalent to anterior, while the term dorsal is used as an equivalent to posterior.

16
Q

What does the term plantar surface mean?

A

The sole of the foot

17
Q

What is the purpose of body cavities?

A

The cavities provide cushion against shocks & allow body organs to assume various sizes and shapes in order to perform their functions.

18
Q

What muscle structure separates the thoracic from the pericardial cavity?

A

The diaphragm

19
Q

What does the Dorsal cavity house?

A

The cranial cavity & spinal cavity which hoses the spinal cord.

19
Q

What does the Ventral cavity house?

A

The thoracic cavity, which contains the lungs, major blood vessels and other structures. It also houses the pericardial cavity which encloses the heart.

20
Q

Where is the abdominal cavity located?

A

Inferior to the diaphragm, where the stomach, liver, spleen and intestines are found.

21
Q

Which cavity is inferior to the abdominal cavity?

A

The pelvic cavity, where the female reproductive organs, urinary bladder, and male ducts are found.

22
Q

What purpose do body planes serve?

A

Planes are used to divide the body and its structures into three dimensional parts which provide views from different perspectives.

23
Q

What are body planes?

A

Hypothetical geometric planes used to divide the body into sections

23
Q

What are the three body planes?

A

Transverse plane, frontal plane ( coronal plane) & sagittal plane.

24
Q

Describe the transverse plane

A

Divides into superior & inferior

25
Q

Describe the frontal plane ( coronal plane)

A

Divides into anterior & posterior portions

26
Q

Describe the Sagital plane

A

Divides into left & right halves

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