Anatomical Terminology Flashcards
Anatomy
Study of the form / structure of the body
Physiology
Study of body function
Morphology
The science of form
Functional Anatomy
Anatomical description accompanied by physiological principles or explanation of function
Gross Anatomy
Anatomy visible to the Naked eye aka Macroscopic anatomy
Histology
Anatomy visible only through a microscope aka microscopic anatomy
Comparative Anatomy
Anatomy between various animal species
Anatomical Organization
Atom -> Molecule -> Macromolecule -> Organelle -> Cell -> Tissue -> Organ -> Organ Systems -> Organism
Integumentary System
components: skin, hair, nails
functions: Forms external body covering and protects deeper tissues
Skeletal Systen
components: Joints, Bones
functions: Protects & supports body organs, provides framework for muscles
Muscular system
components: Skeletal Muscles
functions: produces movement, maintains posture, & produces heat
Nervous System
components: Brain, Spinal cord, nerves
functions: acts as the fast-acting control system of the body; it responds by activating muscles & glands
Endocrine System
components: Glands, Hormones
functions: Acts as the Slow-acting control system of the body; glands secrete hormones that regulate metabolism, growth, & reproduction
Cardiovascular System
components: Heart, blood, blood vessels
functions: Circulates Oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients & waste products
Lymphatic & Immune system
components: Lymph, lymphatic vessels, organs
functions: picks up fluid leaked from blood vessels & returns it to blood, white blood cells contribute to immunity
Respiratory System
components: Lungs, breathing tubes
functions: Keep blood supplied with Oxygen & removes CO2
Digestive System
components:Stomach, esophagus, intestines, liver, pancreas
functions: Breaks down food into absorbable unites that enter the blood for distribution to body cells.
Urinary System
components: Kidneys, bladder, Urethra, Ureter
functions: Waster elimination, regulates water, electrolytes & pH balance
Reproductive System
components: Male & Female reproductive organs
functions: Production of offspring.
Describe Anatomical position
- Standing upright facing forward
- Arms at sides with palms facing forward
- Feet are flat with toes pointing forward
Prone
Lying down, facing down
Supine
Lying down, facing up
