Anatomical Terminology

Question 1

Anatomical Position

Answer 1

Standing straight facing forwards, feet flat on the floor, close together, palms forwards, thumbs forward (supinated)

Question 2

Prone

Answer 2

When a patient is laying face down

Question 3

Supine

Answer 3

Is when the patient is laying face up

Question 4

Recumbent

Answer 4

When a patient is laying on their side (Left lateral recumbent, right lateral recumbent)

Question 5

Sagittal Plane

Answer 5

Passes vertically through the body and or organ and divides the body into left and right portions

Question 6

Mid-sagittal Plane

Answer 6

Divides the body into equal left and right havles

Question 7

Frontal Plane

Answer 7

A vertical Plane that is perpendicular to the sagittal plane and divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) portions

Question 8

Transverse Plane

Answer 8

Is a horizontal plane that divides the body or organ into Superior (Top/upper) and Inferior (Lower/bottom) portions

Question 9

Coronal Plane

Answer 9

A plane in the head

Question 10

Anterior

Answer 10

Forward direction - The nose is anterior to the ears

Question 11

Posterior

Answer 11

Behind/back direction - The spine is posterior to the sternum

Question 12

Superior

Answer 12

Higher Direction - The nose is superior to the mouth

Question 13

Inferior

Answer 13

Lower direction - The Mouth is inferior to the nose

Question 14

Distal

Answer 14

Farther from the attachment of the limb to the trunk - The radius is distal to the humorous

Question 15

Proximal

Answer 15

Nearer to the attachment of a limb to the trunk - the humorous is proximal to the radius

Question 16

Lateral

Answer 16

Outer direction, further from the midline - The ears are lateral to the nose

Question 17

Medial

Answer 17

Towards the middle direction, closer to the midline - The nose is medial to the ears

Question 18

Superficial

Answer 18

Towards on on the surface of the body - The ribs are superficial to the lungs

Question 19

Deep

Answer 19

Away from the surface of the body - The ribs are deep to the skin of the chest and back

Question 20

Unilateral

Answer 20

Means on one side of the body only

Question 21

Bilateral

Answer 21

Means on both sides of the body

Question 22

Ipsilateral

Answer 22

Means on the same side of the body

Question 23

Contralateral

Answer 23

Means on opposite sides of the body

Question 24

Axial Region

Answer 24

Head, neck and trunk. Trunk= above diaphragm, Abdomen= below diaphragm

Question 25

Appendicular Region

Answer 25

Upper and Lower Limbs

Question 26

Abdominopelvic Quadrants

Answer 26

A method used to divide the Abdominopelvic Cavity. * Right Upper Quadrant (RUQ) * Right Lower Quadrant (RLQ) * Left Upper Quadrant (LUQ) * Left Lower Quadrant (LLQ)

Question 27

Abdominopelvic Region

Answer 27

Divides the cavities into 9 smaller regions- Upper regions: 1. Right Hypochondriac Region, 2. Epigastric Region, 3. Left Hypochondriac Region Middle regions: 4. Right Lumbar Region, 5. Umbilical Region, 6. Left Lumbar Region Lower regions: 7. Right Iliac (Inguinal) Region, 8. Hypogastric (Pubic) Region, 9. Left Iliac (Inguinal) Region

Question 28

Cranial Cavity

Answer 28

Contains the Brain

Question 29

Vertebral Cavity

Answer 29

Contains the Spinal Cord

Question 30

Dorsal Cavity

Answer 30

The combination of the cranial and vertebral cavities as they are linked

Question 31

Thoracic Cavity

Answer 31

Contains the lungs, airways, heart and esophagus

Question 32

Abdominopelvic Cavity

Answer 32

Contains the stomach, liver, pancreas. spleen, gallbladder, kidneys, most of the small and large intestines, bladder and reproductive organs

Question 33

Pericardial Cavity

Answer 33

A fluid filled space that contains the heart

Question 34

Pleural Cavities

Answer 34

Two fluid filled cavities on either side of the thoracic cavity that contain one lung each

Question 35

Mediastinum

Answer 35

Central portion of the thoracic cavity. It lies between the lungs and extends from the ribs at the front, to the vertebral column at the back and occupies a space from the first rib at the top to the bottom of the diapragm

Question 36

Serous Membranes

Answer 36

Thin, slippery, double layered membranes that cover the viscera of the thoracic and abdominal cavities and line the walls of the abdomen and thorax.

Question 37

Parietal Layer

Answer 37

Outer membrane

Question 38

Visceral Layer

Answer 38

Inner Membrane

Question 39

Serous Fluid

Answer 39

The fluid between the serous membranes that reduce friction and allow movement

Question 40

Peritoneum

Answer 40

Serous Membrane within the abdominal cavity

Question 41

Visceral Peritoneum

Answer 41

Serous membrane that covers the surface of the abdominal viscera, folding around the organs to hold them in place called the Mesentery

Question 42

Parietal Peritoneum

Answer 42

Serous membrane layer stuck to the inside of the abdominal cavity.

Question 43

Peritoneal Cavity

Answer 43

Between the visceral and the parietal peritoneum is the space that contains the serous fluid.

Question 44

Retroperitoneum

Answer 44

Are the organs located between the peritoneum and the posterior portion of the abdominal wall such as the kidneys, adrenal glands and pancreas.

Question 45

Viscera

Answer 45

The contents of the bodies cavities