Anatomical Term Flashcards
Abduction
Movement away from the body in the coronal plane.
Ex: Lift your arm to the side
Adduction
Movement towards the body in the coronal plane.
Ex: Lower the arm from the side
Flexion
Bending or closing movement of a joint or spine
Ex: Bend the elbow
Extension
The act of straightening or opening out a limb.
Ex: Straighten the Elbow
Proximal
The portion of an organ or structure nearest its base point or the trunk. (relative)
Ex: The shoulder is proximal to the elbow
Distal
The portion of an organ or structure furthest away from the base point or your trunk (relative)
Ex: The knee is distal to the hip
Rotation
Movement of a bone around its own axis
Circumduction
Movement at a joint in which the distal end of a bone moves in a circle while the proximal end remains fixed.
Ex: Circle the arm
When the socket moves around the limb (Half moon)
Medial
Nearer to the midline of the body
Ex: Your big toe is in the medial side of the foot
Lateral
Further from the midline of the body
Ex: Your little toe is the lateral side of the foot
Homolateral (Ipsilateral)
Related to same side of the body
Ex: Walk reaching with your right arm and your right leg
Contralateral
Related to opposite sides of the body
Ex: Walk reaching with your left arm and right leg
Planes
identify dimension in the body and divide it front to back, side to side and top to bottom
Transverse plane
divides body equally by weight top to bottom
Sagittal Plane
Intersects the body equally b/t the right side and the left
Coronal Plane
divides the body equally by weight front to back
Axis
line derived from the intersection of any two body planes
Anterior-Posterior Axis
Line from intersection between the Sagittal and transverse planes
Vertical Axis
Line from intersection bt coronal and sagittal
Horizontal Axis
Line from intersection bt coronal and transverse planes
Center of Gravity
Point created at the intersection of all 3 primary body planes
Movements of the body
Sagittal movement
Coronal movement
transverse movement
Spiraling movement - pass through all 3 planes and integrates the dimensions of the body
