Anatomical relations and surface markings Flashcards
Name surface markings of:
1. the neck of the pancreas
2. The liver
3. The gallbladder
3. The spleen
- L1 transpyloric plane
- Runs superiorly along the nipple line to the left 5th intercostal space mid-clavicular line, inferiorly along right 10th rib
Right :mid axillaryt line 10th costal cartilage. right 4th intercostal space mid axillary line. Left 5th intercostal space mid clavicular line
- 9th costal cartilage, mid clavicular line
- 9th costal cartilage, mid clavicular line
-Lies behind 9th, 10th and 11th rib. Susceptible to blunt chest wall and abdominal trauma
What is the ‘odd’ spleen rule?
The “odd” spleen: 1-3-5-7-9-11. The spleen is 1 inch (thick) by 3 inches (breadth) by 5 inches (length), weighs 7 ounces, and lies between the 9th and 11th ribs.
What are the surface markings of the abdominal aorta?
-Passes through the diaphragm at T12
-Runs in retroperitoneum
-Bifurcates at L4 into common iliac arteries and gives off median sacral
What lies anterior to the aorta at L1?
-SMA
-Neck of pancreas
Where are the kidneys found?
-Vertebral level T12-L3
-Hilum is at L1 (transpyloric plane)
-Right kidney is normally around 1 inch lower than the left
-Kidneys are retroperitoneal structures surrounded by perinephric fat and gerota’s fascia
What are the relations of the kidney?
Posterior:
–> diaphragm
–> psoas major, quadratus lumborum, transversus abdominis
–> 12th rib (11th left side)
–> nerves top to bottom: subcostal (T12), iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal (L1)
Anteiror:
Both
–> Suprarenal gland
–> colic flexure
–> small intestine (jejunum left, duodenum right)
Left:
–> Spleen
–> Stomach
–> Pancreas
Right:
–> Liver
Heart surface markings
- Lower border 3rd costal cartilage right edge of sternum
- Lower border 6th costal cartilage right edge of sternum
- 5th intercostal space mid clavicular line
- 2nd intercostal space 2cm to left of sternum
