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Personal Training 2020 > Anatomical, Directional, and Regional Terms > Flashcards

Anatomical, Directional, and Regional Terms Flashcards

1
Q

anterior (ventral)

A

toward the front

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2
Q

posterior (dorsal)

A

toward the back

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3
Q

superior

A

toward the head

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4
Q

inferior

A

away from the head

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5
Q

medial

A

toward the midline of the body

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6
Q

lateral

A

away from the midline of the body

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7
Q

proximal

A

toward the attached end of the limb, origin of the structure, or midline of the body

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8
Q

distal

A

away from the attached end of the limb, origin of the structure, or midline of the body

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9
Q

superficial

A

external; located close to or on the body surface

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10
Q

deep

A

internal; locate further beneath the body surface than the superficial structure

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11
Q

cervical

A

regional term referring to the nect

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12
Q

thoracic

A

regional term referring to the portion of the body between the neck and the abdomen; also known as the chest (thorax)

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13
Q

lumbar

A

regional term referring to the portion of the back between the abdomen and the pelvis

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14
Q

plantar

A

the sole or bottom of the feet

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15
Q

dorsal

A

the top surface of the feet and hands

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16
Q

palmar

A

the anterior or ventral surface of the hands

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17
Q

saggital plane

A

a longitudinal line that divides the body into right and left sections

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18
Q

frontal plane

A

a longitudinal section that divides the body into anterior and posterior parts

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19
Q

transverse plane

A

also known as the horizontal plane; divides the body into superior and inferior sections

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20
Q

arthro

A

joint

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21
Q

bi

A

two

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22
Q

brachium

A

arm

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23
Q

cardio

A

heart

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24
Q

cephalo

A

head

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25
Q

chondro

A

cartilage

26
Q

costo

A

rib

27
Q

dermo

A

skin

28
Q

hemo, hemat

A

blood

29
Q

ilio

A

ilium (the wide upper part of the pelvic bone)

30
Q

myo

A

muscle

31
Q

os, osteo

A

bone

32
Q

pulmo

A

lung

33
Q

thoraco, thorax

A

chest

34
Q

tri

A

three

35
Q

anatomical position

A

a person standing erect with hand, eyes, and the palms facing forward; the feet are together with the toes pointing forward and the arms are hanging by the sides

36
Q

cardiovascular system

A

a closed-circuit system composed of the heart, blood vessels, and blood

37
Q

respiratory system

A

a system that provides a means to replace oxygen and remove carbon dioxide from the blood

38
Q

digestive system

A

involves processes including the ingestion of food, movement of food along the digestive tract, mechanical preparation of food for digestion, chemical digestion of food, absorption of digested food into the circulatory and lymphatic systems, and elimination of indigestible substances and waste products from the body by defecation

39
Q

skeletal system

A

active, living tissue that performs functions such as the support, movement, protection, storage, and formation of blood cells

40
Q

nervous system

A

a system whose primary purpose is to collect information about conditions in relation to the body’s external state, analyze this information, and initialize appropriate responses to fulfill specific needs.

41
Q

flexion

A

sagittal movement that decreases the angle between two bones

42
Q

extension

A

sagittal movement that increases the angle between two bones

43
Q

dorsiflexion

A

sagittal movement; moving the top of the foot toward the shin

44
Q

plantarflexion

A

sagittal movement; moving the sole of the foot downward (pointing the toes)

45
Q

abduction

A

frontal movement; motion away from the midline of the body

46
Q

adduction

A

frontal movement; motion toward the midline of the body

47
Q

elevation

A

frontal movement; moving to a superior position (only at the scapula AKA shrug)

48
Q

depression

A

frontal movement; moving to an inferior position (only at the scapula AKA shrug)

49
Q

inversion

A

frontal movement; lifting the medial border of the foot

50
Q

eversion

A

frontal movement; lifting the lateral border of the foot

51
Q

rotation

A

transverse movement; internal or external turning about the vertical axis of bone

52
Q

pronation

A

transverse movement; rotating the hand and wrist medially from the elbow

53
Q

supination

A

transverse movement; rotating the hand and wrist laterally from the elbow

54
Q

horizontal flexion

A

transverse movement; adduction of the femur

55
Q

horizontal extension

A

transverse movement; abduction of the femur

56
Q

circumduction

A

multiplanar movement; combines flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction in sequence (throwing)

57
Q

opposition

A

multiplanar movement; thumb movement unique to humans and primates

58
Q

types of sagittal movement

A

flexion, extension, dorsiflexion, plantarflexion

59
Q

types of frontal movement

A

abduction, adduction, elevation, depression, inversion, eversion

60
Q

types of transverse movement

A

rotation, pronation, supination, horizontal flexion, horizontal extension

61
Q

types of multiplanar movement

A

circumduction, opposition

Personal Training 2020 (1 decks)

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