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anatomy 1 histology > Anat-1 > Flashcards

Anat-1 Flashcards

learn for exam 1

1
Q

Tissue

A

Group of similar cells

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2
Q

Primary types of Tissues

A

Epithelial Tissue
Connective Tissue
Muscle Tissue
Nervous Tissue

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3
Q

Epithelial Tissue Function

A

lines body surface and forms glands

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4
Q

Apical Surface

A

(unattached) faces the exterior or a lumen

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5
Q

Basal Surface

A

(attached) achored to extracellular fiber-bsal lamina

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6
Q

Epithelial Cell Characteristics

A

cells fit closely together forming sheets (desmosomes+tight junctions)

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7
Q

Epithelial Cell Characteristics

A

Avascular( no blood vessels)

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8
Q

Epithelial Cell Characteristics

A

has a high capacity to regenerate

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9
Q

Connective Tissue Function

A

Supports other tissues

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10
Q

Connective Tissue Characteristics

A

has ground proper and CT proper

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11
Q

CT Proper

A

Specialized dispersed cells that make a network of protein fibers surrounding cell of the Connective Tissue

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12
Q

Ground Substance

A

Extracellular material that varies in consistency to structure and function in Ct

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13
Q

CT Categories

A

CT Proper ( includes stroma of soft organs, tendons and adipose)

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14
Q

CT Categories

A

Supporting CT (includes bone and cartilage)

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15
Q

CT Categories

A

Fluid CT ( includes lymph and blood)

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16
Q

Major CT Cell Types

A 
Fibrocyte,
Adipocyte,
Erythrocyte,
Leukocyte,
Osteocyte,
Chondrocyte
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17
Q

Fibrocyte

A

mature cells that maintain the matrix of CT proper

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18
Q

Adipocyte

A

stores fat in the CT proper (fatty tissue)

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19
Q

Erythrocyte

A

RBC-transports oxygen in blood

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20
Q

Leukocyte

A

WBC- defends against infections

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21
Q

Osteocyte

A

mature cells that maintain the matrix of the bone

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22
Q

Chondrocyte

A

mature cell that maintain the matrix of the cartilage

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23
Q

Muscle Tissue`Definition

A

Contracts to produce motion

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24
Q

Muscle Tissue Types

A

Skeletal,
Cardiac,
Smooth.

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25
Q

Skeletal Tissue

A

Connected to bones through cartilages

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26
Q

Cardiac Tissue

A

Forms wall of heart

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27
Q

Smooth Tissue

A

lines hollow organs

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28
Q

Nervous Tissue

A

rapidly transmits and processes information

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29
Q

Nervous Tissue Characteristics

A

Contains neurons and neuroglia cells

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30
Q

Membrane

A

a continuous flat multi-cellular sheet that covers or line a body part

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31
Q

Membrane types

A

Epithelial Membrane + Mucus Membrane+

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32
Q

Epithelial Membrane def.

A

made of both epithelial and connective tissue

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33
Q

Epithelial Tissue Char.

A

has a Cutaneous layer that covers the external surfaces of the body (skin)

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34
Q

Mucus Membrane def.

A

Lines the cavities that open to the exterior

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35
Q

Mucus Membrane Chara.

A

Moist membrane that lines the respiratory, digestive and urinary tract.

36
Q

Serous Membrane Def

A

lines ventral cavities that are closed to the exterior

37
Q

Serous Membrane Chara.

A

simple squamous on a thin layer of areoalr CT.

ex. pleura, pericardium, or peritoneum

38
Q

Synovial Membrane Def.

A

lines the inner surface of joint cavities and is made only of connective tissue (no epithelium)

39
Q

Hemostasis

A

(Clotting) reduces blood loss from damaged blood vessels

40
Q

Inflamation

A

response of the body to injury works to increase number of leukocytes in the tissue to fight against an infection

41
Q

Inflamation Chara.

A

provides the 4 cardinals signs of inflammation and Vasodialtion happens

42
Q

Granulation

A

Fibrolasts from the surrounding connective tissue fill in the wound with a network of extracellular fibers and blood vessels grow forming granulation

43
Q

Remodel

A

Fibers of connective tissue are reorganized to maximize strength and minimize scarring

44
Q

Regeneration

A

damage tissue is replace by the same type of tissue

45
Q

Fibrosis

A

damaged tissue is replaced by scar tissue

46
Q

Simple Epithelial

A

one layer of epi.

47
Q

Stratified Epithelial

A

more than one layer of epi.

48
Q

Sudostratified Epithelial

A

one layer of epi. that looks like two

49
Q

Squamous Epithelial Cell

A

cell flattened at apical surface

50
Q

Cuboidal Epithelial Cell

A

cell cube or square-shape at apical surface

51
Q

Columnar Epithelial Cell

A

cell column-shaped at apical surface

52
Q

Epithelial Types

A 
Simple Squamos Epi.
Simple Cuboidal Epi.
Simple Columnar Epi.
Stratified Squamos Epi. 
Stratified Cuboidal  Epi.
Stratified Columnar Epi. 
Pseudostratified Columnar Epi
Transitional Epi.
53
Q

Simple Squamous def

A

single layer of flat epi. cells found in alveoli, blood vessels or body cavities

54
Q

Simple Cuboidal Def.

A

single layered of cubed-shaped cells

55
Q

Simple Squamous Funtion

A

Diffusion and secretion

56
Q

Simple Cuboidal Funtion

A

Secretion and Absorption

57
Q

Simple Columnar Def.

A

single layer of tall cells of oval nuclei, usually with goblet cells

58
Q

Simple Columnar Funtion

A

absorption and secretion

59
Q

Simple Squamous Loc.

A

cells found in alveoli, blood vessels or body cavities

60
Q

Simple Cuboidal Loc.

A

portion of the nephrons of kidney, duct of glands.

61
Q

Simple Columnar Loc.

A

lines the digestitve tract and uterine tubers.

62
Q

Stratified Squamous Def.

A

many layers and the cells ar the apical surface are flattened

63
Q

Stratified Squamous Fx.

A

Secretion

64
Q

Stratified Squamous Loc.

A

skin, mouth, esophagous, rectum and vagina

65
Q

Stratified Cuboidal Def.

A

two or more layers of cuboidal cells

66
Q

Stratified Cuboidal Fx.

A

Secretion

67
Q

Stratified Cuboidal Loc.

A

lines ducts of sweat glands

68
Q

Stratified Columnar Def.

A

Apical cells are columnar, cell underneath vary in size and shape

69
Q

Stratified Columnar Fx.

A

Secretion

70
Q

Stratified Columnar Loc.

A

Ducts of salivary glands

71
Q

Pseudostratified Def.

A

single layer of cells where not all cells line in apical surface but all cell have contact with the basal lamina.

72
Q

Pseudostratified Fx.

A

secretion and propel mucus across cell surface

73
Q

Pseudostratified Loc.

A

portions of respiratory tract ( larynx, nasal cavity and trachea)

74
Q

Transitional Def.

A

Numerous layers, basal cells appear cuboidal, apical cells very form a dome shape large cuboidal to wide large squamous

75
Q

Transitional Fx

A

Stretches to permit distention of urinary organs

76
Q

Transitional Loc.

A

Lines ureters, urinary bladder and portions of kidney

77
Q

Gland

A

an organ that secreates chemical substances

78
Q

Endocrine Glands Chara.

A

Ductless,
secreates hormones,
expels secreation directly into surrounding tissues.

79
Q

Endocrine Glands Loc

A

Thyroid, pituitary, and adrenal

80
Q

Exocrine Glands Chara.

A

expels secretions onto a surface throughout a duct

81
Q

Exocrine glands Loc.

A

Goblet cells (unicellular-no nucleus), sweat and oil (sebaceous), and skin (multi cellular)

82
Q

Exocrine Glands Branch Classification

A

Simple or single branched

Compound or branched-out duct

83
Q

Exocrine glands Shape of secretory portion

A

Tubular
alveolar
tuboalveolar

84
Q

exocrine tubular shape

A

elongated tube shape

85
Q

exocrine alveolar shape

A

expanded pocket or sac shape

86
Q

exocrine tubuloalveolar shape

A

combination of tube shape with an expanded end.

anatomy 1 histology (1 decks)

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