Anaphylaxis Flashcards
What is anaphylaxis?
Type I IgE mediated hypersensitivity reaction
What are the symptoms of anaphylaxis?
- Wheeze
- Cyanosis
- Tachycardia
- Hypotension
- Itching, sweating, diarrhoea, erythema, urticaria, oedema
What conditions can mimic anaphylaxis?
- Carcinoid
- Pheochromocytoma
- Systemic mastocytosis
- Hereditary angioedema
What are the steps in managing anaphylaxis?
- Secure airway
- Remove cause
- Give adrenaline
- Secure IV access
- Chlorphenamine and hydrocortisone
- IV fluids
What may be involving in securing the airway in anaphylaxis?
Intubating if respiratory obstruction imminent
What dose of adrenaline is given in anaphylaxis?
0.5mg IM (0.5ml of 1:1000)
When can the dose of adrenaline be repeated?
Every 5 mins if needed until better
What dose of chlorphenamine is given in anaphylaxis?
10mg IV
What dose of hydrocortisone is given in anaphylaxis?
200mg IV
What should be done if there is a wheeze in anaphylaxis?
Treat as for asthma
What may be required if still hypotensive after treatment for anaphylaxis?
Admission to ICU and IV adrenaline, +- aminophylline and nebulised salbutamol
What is involved in further management of patient with anaphylaxis?
- Admit to ward and monitor ECG
- Measure serum tryptase 1-6 hours after suspected anaphylaxis
- Continue chlorphenamine 4mg/6hour PO if itching