Anaphylaxis Flashcards

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1
Q

What is anaphylaxis?

A

Type I IgE mediated hypersensitivity reaction

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2
Q

What are the symptoms of anaphylaxis?

A
  • Wheeze
  • Cyanosis
  • Tachycardia
  • Hypotension
  • Itching, sweating, diarrhoea, erythema, urticaria, oedema
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3
Q

What conditions can mimic anaphylaxis?

A
  • Carcinoid
  • Pheochromocytoma
  • Systemic mastocytosis
  • Hereditary angioedema
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4
Q

What are the steps in managing anaphylaxis?

A
  1. Secure airway
  2. Remove cause
  3. Give adrenaline
  4. Secure IV access
  5. Chlorphenamine and hydrocortisone
  6. IV fluids
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5
Q

What may be involving in securing the airway in anaphylaxis?

A

Intubating if respiratory obstruction imminent

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6
Q

What dose of adrenaline is given in anaphylaxis?

A

0.5mg IM (0.5ml of 1:1000)

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7
Q

When can the dose of adrenaline be repeated?

A

Every 5 mins if needed until better

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8
Q

What dose of chlorphenamine is given in anaphylaxis?

A

10mg IV

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9
Q

What dose of hydrocortisone is given in anaphylaxis?

A

200mg IV

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10
Q

What should be done if there is a wheeze in anaphylaxis?

A

Treat as for asthma

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11
Q

What may be required if still hypotensive after treatment for anaphylaxis?

A

Admission to ICU and IV adrenaline, +- aminophylline and nebulised salbutamol

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12
Q

What is involved in further management of patient with anaphylaxis?

A
  • Admit to ward and monitor ECG
  • Measure serum tryptase 1-6 hours after suspected anaphylaxis
  • Continue chlorphenamine 4mg/6hour PO if itching
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