Anaphylaxis

Question 1

What is A in the ABCDE approach?

Answer 1

Checking to see if airway is open

Question 2

What do you look for in airway?

Answer 2

noises
e.g., stridor, wheeze, gurling, snoring
= partial blockage
no noise at all
= complete blockage

Question 3

What is B of the ABCDE approach?

Answer 3

breathing

Question 4

What is a normal respiratory rate?

Answer 4

12-20
>25 is serious illness

Question 5

What should SP02 content be?

Answer 5

96% and above

Question 6

Other than resp rate and SP02 what else should you check for under breathing?

Answer 6

is the chest expanding on both sides during respiration

Question 7

What is C in the ABCDE approach?

Answer 7

circulation

Question 8

What do you check for circulation?

Answer 8

pulse rate
blood pressure
CRT

Question 9

What is an acceptable pulse rate?

Answer 9

60-100bpm

Question 10

what is an acceptable blood pressure?

Answer 10

120/70

Question 11

What is an acceptable CRT?

Answer 11

2 seconds

Question 12

Why is CRT not an ideal indicator?

Answer 12

some people have poor peripheral circulation

Question 13

what is D in the ABCDE approach?

Answer 13

disability

Question 14

what score is recorded for disability?

Answer 14

ACVPU and blood glucose

Question 15

what is ACVPU?

Answer 15

Alert
confusion
verbal
pain
unconscious

Question 16

What blood glucose level indicates hypoglycaemia?

Answer 16

< 4mmols

Question 17

what is E in ABCDE?

Answer 17

exposure/ everything else

Question 18

what do you check for with exposure?

Answer 18

swelling, rash, blood loss or any abnormality
take temperature

Question 19

what can temperature be an indicator of?

Answer 19

pyrexial could indicate sepsis

Question 20

what is anaphylaxis?

Answer 20

a severe and potentially life threatening reaction to a trigger

Question 21

what is adrenaline and its mechanism?

Answer 21

a vasoconstrictor - forces blood flow back to the heart, increasing blood pressure and reducing angioedema

Question 22

what are the signs of an anaphylactic shock?

Answer 22

• sudden onset and rapid progression
• airway and/or breathing and/or circulation problems
• skin and/or mucosal changes

Question 23

When managing an anaphylactic shock, what is the first thing you’d do?

Answer 23

call 999

Question 24

after phoning 999 what would you do?

Answer 24

remove source if known

Question 25

after removing source what would you do?

Answer 25

try to lay patient in supine position to restore blood pressure

Question 26

why would you lay patient down in a supine position?

Answer 26

to restore BP

Question 27

how much adrenaline would you administer?

Answer 27

1:1000
0.5mg (1mg/1ml)

Question 28

where do you inject adrenaline?

Answer 28

Intramuscularly into the thigh

Question 29

after injecting adrenaline what would you do?

Answer 29

oxygen via non re-breather mask

Question 30

how much oxygen do you supply through the non re-breather mask?

Answer 30

15litres per min

Question 31

how often do you repeat adrenaline?

Answer 31

after 5 minutes