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Anatomy and Physiology > Anaphy & Physiology > Flashcards

Anaphy & Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

It is the existence and a maintenance of a relatively constant environment within the body.

A

Homeostasis

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2
Q

What type of feedback mechanisms is when the response diminishes the original stimulus?

A

Negative Feedback

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3
Q

It is a type of a human body system that provides a rigid framework for the human body, allows body to move, stores minerals especially calcium & phosphorus, and produces blood cells.

A

Skeletal System

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4
Q

A level of structural and functional organization that involves how atoms, such as hydrogen and carbon, interact and combine into molecules.

A

Chemical Level

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5
Q

It refers to the inability of the body to restore a functional, stable internal environment.

A

Homeostatic Imbalance

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6
Q

It is the longest section of the spine that is located in the middle section.

A

Thoracic spine

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7
Q

It is also known as the horizontal plane that divides the body into superior and inferior halves

A

Transverse Plane

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8
Q

It is an anatomical term that means ‘on the same side of the body’, whereas contralateral means ‘on opposite side of the body’

A

Ipsilateral

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9
Q

It is a part of the metabolism responsible for breaking complex molecules down into smaller molecules.

A

Catabolism

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10
Q

It divides the body into dorsal and ventral halves

A

Coronal Plane

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11
Q

It pertains to the front or anterior of any structure. Examples are chest, abdomen, palms, and shins

A

Ventral

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12
Q

What type of feedback mechanism is the release of estrogen to stimulate ovulation?

A

Positive Feedback

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13
Q

It is one of the nine regions of the abdomen that is located in the upper central region of the abdomen.

A

Epigastric Region

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14
Q

It is a type of a human body system that is responsible for the person’s regulation of blood pH, breathing, olfaction, voice production, and innate immunity.

A

Respiratory System

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15
Q

An anatomical term that is relating to, occurring on, or affecting only one side of an organ or structure, or of the body

A

Unilateral

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16
Q

This anatomical term refers to the diamond-shaped space behind the knee joint.

A

Popliteal Fossa

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17
Q

This refers to the study of biology that deals with how the organs function correctly and how do they interact with other system.

A

Physiology

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18
Q

It is a normal pH range of the human body.

A

7.35 - 7.45

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19
Q

A type of metabolism that is responsible for building complex molecules from simpler ones, using energy and enzymes

A

Anabolism

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20
Q

This anatomical term refers to the lower back region of the body, between the ribs and the pelvis.

A

Lumbar Region

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21
Q

A branch of anatomy that studies the large body structures visible to the naked eye, such as heart, lungs, kidney. In other words, a person does not need a microscope to see these features.

A

Gross Anatomy

22
Q

It refers to an energy-transferring molecule in cells
and provides energy immediately usable by all
body cells

A

Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)

23
Q

They are composed of amino acids that is the basic structure material of the body and plays vital roles in cell function. Example is enzymes.

A

Proteins

24
Q

It is a primary source of fuel as it contains sugars and starches.

A

Carbohydrates

25
Q

A branch of physiology that study the function of kidneys especially the processes of blood filtration and clearance, blood-pressure regulation, acid-based balance, and hematopoiesis.

A

Renal Physiology

26
Q

This refers to the secretion of the products onto the body surfaces or into body cavities; include the liver, pancreas, salivary glands among others.

A

Exocrine

27
Q

It is found inside the cytoplasm that sort and modify proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum to do different jobs. It is a stack flat, membrane-covered sacs that looks a lot like a smooth endoplasmic reticulum

A

Golgi Apparatus

28
Q

There are several layers of cells in this thick epithelium; the basal cells are cuboidal or columnar and metabolically active, while the surface cells are flattened (squamous). The surface cells in the keratinized type are dead and are filled with keratin; the basal cells produce the superficial layers of cells during mitosis.

A

Stratified Squamous

29
Q

It is a type of connective tissue wherein it attaches to bones or to muscles; attaches bones to bones; withstands great tensile stress when pulling force is applied in one direction.

A

Dense Regular Connective Tissue

30
Q

This type of tissue is responsible for coordinating and controlling many body activities that includes generating and carrying out nerve impulses, responding to stimuli, and carrying out communication and integration.

A

Nervous Tissue

31
Q

A type of a passive membrane transport that binds the solute to the transport protein and gets released to the other side of the membrane

A

Facilitated Diffusion

32
Q

It is a type of tissue that that connects, supports, binds, or separates other tissues or organs. Its function includes insulating, storing reserve fuel, and transport substances

A

Connective Tissue

33
Q

It is a structure of a cell membrane that functions to make protein; gets instruction for protein production from the DNA in nucleus

A

Ribosomes

34
Q

An important function that is needed for several processes including chromosome synthesis and cell division.

A

DNA Replication

35
Q

A form of eukaryotic cell division that produces two daughter cells with the same genetic component as the parent cell.

A

Mitosis

36
Q

It carries the information from DNA in the nucleus to a ribosome in the cytoplasm and then helps assemble the protein.

A

RNA

37
Q

A type of epithelial tissue that has a single layer of flattened cells with disc-shaped central nuclei and sparse cytoplasm; the simplest of epithelia

A

Simple Squamous

38
Q

It uses energy from ATP to pump solute against its concentration gradient, i.e., from lower concentration to the higher concentration.

A

Active Transport

39
Q

A type of muscle tissue that is attached to the bones and its contraction makes possible locomotion, facial expressions, posture, and other voluntary movements. (e.g. walking, dancing, talking)

A

Skeletal Muscle

40
Q

A type of tonicity that has a higher solute inside, higher water outside, and the water moves in that causes the cell SWELLS.

A

Hypotonic

41
Q

It is a type of endocytosis that is also known as cellular drinking that occurs when a plasma membrane folds inward to form a channel allowing dissolved substances to enter the cell.

A

Pinocytosis

42
Q

It is a clear, thick, jellylike material; contains a large amount of water and chemical may sometimes appear to be grainy. It is found inside the cell membrane but outside the nucleus.

A

Cytoplasm

43
Q

A type of tissue tissue which lines certain internal cavities of the body, forming a smooth, transparent, two-layered membrane lubricated by a fluid derived from serum

A

Serous membrane

44
Q

A type of RNA that reflects the exact nucleoside sequence of the genetically active DNA. It carries the coded information of the DNA to the cytoplasm of the cells where protein is made in amino acid sequences specified by this type of RNA.

A

Messenger RNA (mRNA)

45
Q

A subphase of interphase wherein the DNA synthesis replicates the genetic material. Each chromosome now consists of two sister chromatids.

A

S subphase

46
Q

It is an ion or molecule with a functional group that binds to a central metal atom to form a coordination complex. This includes neurotransmitters, hormones, and paracrine.

A

Ligands

47
Q

A salivary glands that sit just in front of the ears. It function is to produce saliva (spit) to keep your mouth lubricated, and to aid in chewing and digestion.

A

Parotid Glands

48
Q

This type of connective tissue functions to maintain the shape of structure while allowing great flexibility.

A

Elastic Cartilage

49
Q

A series of events that takes place in a cell as it grows and divides.

A

Cell Cycle

50
Q

A type of active transport that uses two other active transport processes to move macromolecules (large molecules) into or out of the cell. This type of active transport move macromolecules or large particles across the plasma membrane.

A

Vesicular Transport

Anatomy and Physiology (1 decks)

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