anapgylactic shock

Question 1

what is anaphylactic shock

Answer 1

Allergic reaction where the immune system overreacts or reacts excessively to an allergenic substance. Usually multiple systems affected and usually very fast onset after contact. Anaphylaxis is a serious medical condition and first aid must be administered immediately.

Question 2

4 ways you can have an allergic reaction

Answer 2

◼ Skin
◼ Lungs (breathing)
◼ Injection
◼ Mouth (swallowing)

Question 3

common allergens and casual agents

Answer 3

insect bites-bees
medication-penicillin
chemicals-cleaning agents
biological-pollen, pet hair

Question 4

signs and symptoms of an allergic reaction

Answer 4

Respiratory System-
Difficulty breathing Respiratory distress Respiratory arrest

Cardiovascular System
Shock
Heart failure

Gastro-intestinal System
Nausea
Vomiting
Diarrhea
Abdominal pain

Skin
Urticaria
Swelling of lips, face, neck, ears or hands (angioedema)
Redness (hives rash)

Question 5

what are criteria for Inclusion

Answer 5

previous 4 hrs-1 of the 2 following respiratory distress
cardiac failure

Question 6

previous 4 hrs-2 of the 4 following

Answer 6

Urticaria or angioedema
difficulty breathing
circulatory failure
gastro intestinal

Question 7

exclusion criteria

Answer 7

None, in the case of a severe anaphylactic reaction

Question 8

allergic reaction, localized

Answer 8

1. If the cause is an insect sting, remove the stinger if it is visible, scraping with fingernails, without compressing it
2. Apply ice or a cold compress at the contact area, in order to slow the reaction
3. Monitor the status of the person.

Question 9

protocol for severe reaction-anaphtlactic shock

Answer 9

1. Conduct a scene survey.
2. Sit the patient down.
3. Conduct a primary survey; if possible (2 rescuers present), activate EMS
4. Verify if the person has epinephrine in their possession.
5. If inclusion criteria present: Suggest to the patient to inject themself with the medication. If the patient is unable to inject themself, you can assist them with its use. Administer epinephrine choosing appropriate dosage and note the time. On board the aircraft, always try to use the passenger’s auto‐injector before using the one in the medical kit.
6. If not already done, activate medical assistance/MedLink/EMS (911)
7. Administer oxygen
8. Monitor patient ○ Deterioration: repeat every 5 minutes ○ No improvement: repeat every 10 minutes ○ Improvement and inclusion criteria still present: repeat every 10 minutes

Question 10

epipen where do admin dose

Answer 10

Intramuscular injection, automatic dosage

Question 11

epinephrine is also known as

Answer 11

adrenaline

Question 12

what are the dosages for adult and child

Answer 12

Adult -0.3mg
children-0.15mg

Question 13

how to use epipen

Answer 13

Hold firmly with orange tip pointing downward
Remove blue safety release
Swing and push orange tip into mid-outer thigh until you hear “click”. Hold in place while slowly counting to 10
After use, give it to the medical personnel upon landing.

Answer 14

The auto-injector must only be injected in the center in the external face of the thigh (upper leg)
If you have to administer a second injection, alternate leg
Can be administered through clothing
Administer even if the auto-injector has expired
Repeat after 5 minutes if there is deterioration of the person
Repeat every 10 minutes if there is no improvement or if there is improvement but inclusion criteria are still present
No maximum number of doses
If the child dose is not available, give the adult dose
Use caution for people with cardiac history
Be careful not to prick yourself.

Question 15

how many epipens are in the medical kit

Answer 15

1 epipen in each medical kit
4 single doses of epinephrine-to be administered by a physician