Analyzing organic reactions

Question 1

This type of acid accepts electrons in the form of a covalent bond

Answer 1

Lewis acid

Question 2

This type of acid is a species that donates a proton

Answer 2

Bronsted-Lowry acid

Question 3

This type of base is an electron donor (donates an electron so that it can be made into a covalent bond)

Answer 3

Lewis base

Question 4

This type of base is a proton acceptor

Answer 4

Bronsted-Lowry base

Question 5

____ is the acid dissociation constant

Answer 5

Ka

Question 6

The higher the pKa, the _____ acidic something is. Similarly, the lower the pKa, the ____ acidic.

Answer 6

Less

More

Question 7

An ______ is the indicator of the hypothetical charge an atom would carry if all its bonds were ionic

Answer 7

Oxidation state

Question 8

If an atom is being oxidized, the number of bonds to oxygen or other heteroatoms _____

Answer 8

Increases

(Referred to as loss of electrons since more bonds are being formed)

Question 9

If an atom is being reduced, the number of bonds to hydrogen _____

Answer 9

Increases

(Referred to as gaining electrons since H is less electronegative than basically everything)

Question 10

Redox reactions tend to act on the functional group with ____ priority

Answer 10

Highest

Question 11

How are protecting groups utilized during redox reactions?

Answer 11

They protect the functional group that you want to remain in tact. Ex: Adding to a carboxylic acid, then removing the protecting group after the redo reaction has taken place on the functional group you intended)

Question 12

SN1 reactions are stereo_____ while SN2 reactions are stereo_____

Answer 12

Selective

Specific

(SN1 reactions make planar carbocations, so the new group can add to either side. SN2 reactions have LG’s and addition occurring at the same time, so it can only take the spot that is not currently occupied by the LG)