Analogous Words V Flashcards
rough harsh uneven rugged scabrous
mean not smooth or even.
rough implies points, bristles, ridges, or projections on the surface: a rough wooden board.
harsh implies a surface or texture distinctly unpleasant to the touch: a harsh fabric that chafes the skin.
uneven implies a lack of uniformity in height, breadth, or quality: an old house with uneven floors.
rugged implies irregularity or roughness of land surface and connotes difficulty of travel: a rugged landscape.
scabrous implies scaliness or prickliness of surface: a scabrous leaf.
common ordinary plain familiar popular vulgar
mean generally met with and not in any way special, strange, or unusual.
common implies usual everyday quality or frequency of occurrence: a common error / lacked common honesty / and may additionally suggest inferiority or coarseness: common manners.
ordinary stresses conformance in quality or kind with the regular order of things: an ordinary pleasant summer day / a very ordinary sort of man.
plain is likely to suggest homely simplicity: plain hard-working people.
familiar stresses the fact of being generally known and easily recognized: a familiar melody.
popular applies to what is accepted by or prevalent among people in general sometimes in contrast to upper classes or special groups: a writer of popular romances.
vulgar, otherwise similar to popular, is likely to carry derogatory connotations (as of inferiority or coarseness): souvenirs designed to appeal to the vulgar taste.
bright brilliant radiant luminous lustrous
mean shining or glowing with light.
bright implies emitting or reflecting a high degree of light.
brilliant implies intense often sparkling brightness.
radiant stresses the emission or seeming emission of rays of light.
luminous implies emission of steady, suffused, glowing light by reflection or in surrounding darkness.
lustrous stresses an even, rich light from a surface that reflects brightly without glittering.
infuse suffuse imbue ingrain inoculate leaven
mean to introduce one thing into another so as to affect it throughout.
infuse implies a pouring in of something that gives new life or significance: new members infused enthusiasm into the club.
suffuse implies a spreading through of something that gives an unusual color or quality: a room suffused with light.
imbue implies the introduction of a quality that fills and permeates the whole being: imbue students with intellectual curiosity.
ingrain, used only in the passive or past participle, suggests the deep implanting of a quality or trait: clung to ingrained habits.
inoculate implies an imbuing or implanting with a germinal idea and often suggests stealth or subtlety: an electorate inoculated with dangerous ideas.
leaven implies introducing something that enlivens, tempers, or markedly alters the total quality: a serious play leavened with comic moments.
grand magnificent imposing stately majestic grandiose
mean large and impressive.
grand adds to greatness of size the implications of handsomeness and dignity: a grand staircase.
magnificent implies an impressive largeness proportionate to scale without sacrifice of dignity or good taste: magnificent paintings.
imposing implies great size and dignity but especially stresses impressiveness: an imposing edifice.
stately may suggest poised dignity, erectness of bearing, handsomeness of proportions, ceremonious deliberation of movement: the stately procession.
majestic combines the implications of imposing and stately and usually adds a suggestion of solemn grandeur: a majestic waterfall.
grandiose implies a size or scope exceeding ordinary experience: grandiose hydroelectric projects / but is most commonly applied derogatorily to inflated pretension or absurd exaggeration: grandiose schemes.
flagrant
glaring
gross
rank
mean conspicuously bad or objectionable.
flagrant applies usually to offenses or errors so bad that they can neither escape notice nor be condoned: flagrant abuse of the office of president.
glaring implies painful or damaging obtrusiveness of something that is conspicuously wrong, faulty, or improper: glaring errors.
gross implies the exceeding of reasonable or excusable limits: gross carelessness.
rank applies to what is openly and extremely objectionable and utterly condemned: rank heresy.
flash gleam glint sparkle glitter glisten glimmer shimmer
mean to send forth light.
flash implies a sudden outburst of bright light: lightning flashed.
gleam suggests a steady light seen through an obscuring medium or against a dark background: lights gleamed in the valley.
glint implies a cold glancing light: glinting steel.
sparkle suggests innumerable moving points of bright light: the sparkling waters.
glitter connotes a brilliant sparkling or gleaming: glittering diamonds.
glisten applies to the soft sparkle from a wet or oily surface: glistening wet sidewalk.
glimmer suggests a faint or wavering gleam: a distant glimmering light.
shimmer means shining with a wavering light: a shimmering satin dress.
criticize reprehend censure reprobate condemn denounce
mean to find fault with openly.
criticize implies finding fault especially with methods or policies or intentions: criticized the police for using violence.
reprehend implies both criticism and severe rebuking: reprehends the self-centeredness of today’s students.
censure carries a strong suggestion of authority and of reprimanding: a Senator formally censured by his peers.
reprobate implies strong disapproval or firm refusal to sanction: reprobated his son’s unconventional lifestyle.
condemn usually suggests an unqualified and final unfavorable judgment: condemned the government’s racial policies.
denounce adds to condemn the implication of a public declaration: a pastoral letter denouncing abortion.
high
tall
lofty
mean above the average in height.
high implies marked extension upward and is applied chiefly to things which rise from a base or foundation or are placed at a conspicuous height above a lower level: a high hill / a high ceiling.
tall applies to what grows or rises high by comparison with others of its kind and usually implies relative narrowness: a tall thin man.
lofty suggests great or imposing altitude: lofty mountain peaks.
spring arise rise originate derive flow issue emanate proceed stem
mean to come up or out of something into existence.
spring implies rapid or sudden emerging: an idea that springs to mind.
arise and rise may both convey the fact of coming into existence or notice but rise often stresses gradual growth or ascent: new questions have arisen / slowly rose to prominence.
originate implies a definite source or starting point: the fire originated in the basement.
derive implies a prior existence in another form: the holiday derives from an ancient Roman feast.
flow adds to spring a suggestion of abundance or ease of inception: words flowed easily from her pen.
issue suggests emerging from confinement through an outlet: blood issued from the cut.
emanate applies to the coming of something immaterial (as a thought) from a source: reports emanating from the capital.
proceed stresses place of origin, derivation, parentage, or logical cause: advice that proceeds from the best of intentions.
stem implies originating by dividing or branching off from something as an outgrowth or subordinate development: industries stemming from space research.
gaudy tawdry garish flashy meretricious
mean vulgarly or cheaply showy.
gaudy implies a tasteless use of overly bright, often clashing colors or excessive ornamentation: circus performers in gaudy costumes.
tawdry applies to what is at once gaudy and cheap and sleazy: tawdry saloons.
garish describes what is distressingly or offensively bright: garish neon signs.
flashy implies an effect of brilliance quickly and easily seen to be shallow or vulgar: a flashy nightclub act.
meretricious stresses falsity and may describe a tawdry show that beckons with a false allure or promise: a meretricious wasteland of casinos and bars.
famous renowned celebrated noted notorious distinguished eminent illustrious
mean known far and wide.
famous implies little more than the fact of being, sometimes briefly, widely and popularly known: a famous actress.
renowned implies more glory and acclamation: one of the most renowned figures in sports history.
celebrated implies notice and attention especially in print: the most celebrated beauty of her day.
noted suggests well-deserved public attention: the noted mystery writer.
notorious frequently adds to famous an implication of questionableness or evil: a notorious gangster.
distinguished implies acknowledged excellence or superiority: a distinguished scientist who won the Nobel Prize.
eminent implies even greater prominence for outstanding quality or character: the country’s most eminent writers.
illustrious stresses enduring honor and glory attached to a deed or person: illustrious war heroes.
expand amplify swell distend inflate dilate
mean to increase in size or volume.
expand may apply regardless of the manner of increase (as growth, unfolding, addition of parts): a business that expands every year.
amplify implies the extension or enlargement of something inadequate: amplify the statement with details.
swell implies gradual expansion beyond a thing’s original or normal limits: the bureaucracy swelled to unmanageable proportions.
distend implies outward extension caused by pressure from within: a distended abdomen.
inflate implies expanding by introduction of air or something insubstantial and suggests a vulnerability to sudden collapse: an inflated ego.
dilate applies especially to expansion of circumference: dilated pupils.
suave urbane diplomatic bland smooth politic
mean pleasantly tactful and well-mannered.
suave suggests a specific ability to deal with others easily and without friction: a suave public relations coordinator.
urbane implies high cultivation and poise coming from wide social experience: an urbane traveler.
diplomatic stresses an ability to deal with ticklish situations tactfully: a diplomatic negotiator.
bland emphasizes mildness of manner and absence of irritating qualities: a bland master of ceremonies.
smooth suggests often a deliberately assumed suavity: a smooth salesman.
politic implies shrewd as well as tactful and suave handling of people: a cunningly politic manager.
citizen
subject
national
mean a person owing allegiance to and entitled to the protection of a sovereign state.
citizen is preferred for one owing allegiance to a state in which sovereign power is retained by the people and sharing in the political rights of those people: the rights of a free citizen.
subject implies allegiance to a personal sovereign such as a monarch: the king’s subjects.
national designates one who may claim the protection of a state and applies especially to one living or traveling outside that state: American nationals working in the Middle East.
