ANALIZATORI Flashcards

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1
Q

Segmentul intermediar al analizatorului cutanat este de doua tipuri…

A
  1. Direct - sinapse putine, conducerea rapida a impulsului, proiectia se face intr-o arie corticala specializata
  2. Indirecta - (SISTEMUL RETICULAR ASCENDENT ACTIVATOR) sinapse multe, conducerea lenta a impulsului, proiectia este difuza si nespecifica
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2
Q

Cele 3 segmente ale analizatorului cutanat sunt…

A
Segmentul periferic (receptorul)
Segmentul intermediar (de conducere)
Segmentul central (aria din SC)
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3
Q

Epidermul

A
  • tesut pluristratificat, keratinizat
  • nu contine vase de sange (hranire prin osmoza)
  • contine TNL
  • are 2 straturi: 1. cornos (superficial)
    2. germinativ (prof.)
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4
Q

Dermul

A
  • tesut conjunctiv dens
  • vase de sange si limfatice
  • contine TNL
  • contine anexe cutanate:
    1. cornoase (firele de par)
    2. glandulare (canalele gl. exocrine: sebacee & sudoripare)
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5
Q

Cele doua straturi ale dermului…

A
  1. dermul papilar (spre epiderm)
    - papile dermice (=ridicaturi tronconice), pe suprafata degetelor formeaza creste papilare
  2. dermul reticular (spre hipoderm)
    - fibre de colagen
    - fibre elastice
    - fascicule groase
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6
Q

Hipodermul

A
  • tesut conjunctiv lax
  • contine cel. adipoase (cu nucl. periferic)
  • contine glomerulii gl. sudoripare & bulbii firelor de par
  • Corpusculii Vater-Pacini
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7
Q

Receptori terminatii libere

A
  • TNL ale neuronilor senzitivi din ganglionul spinal, din nervul V
  • Discurile tactile Merkel
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8
Q

Receptori terminatii incapsulate

A

Meissner, Krause, Vater-Pacini

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9
Q

Receptorii tactili

A

-mecanoreceptori, in derm, mai numerosi in tegumentele fara par
-receptioneaza:
1. in partea superioara
atingerea (Merkel, Meissner)
2. in partea profunda
atingerea (TNL)
presiunea (Rufinni, TNL)
vibratii (Vater-Pacini)

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10
Q

Receptorii termici

A
  • TNL cu diametru mic, nemielinizati
  • de 2 tipuri: 1.pt cald (Ruffini)
    2. pt rece (Krause)
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11
Q

Receptorii pt durere

A
  • in principal TNL
  • stimulati de 3 factori: termici, chimici, mecanici
  • se adapteaza putin sau deloc
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12
Q

ce este campul receptor al unui nerv in sensibilitatea cutanata?

A

Aria tegumentara a carei stimulare modifica rata de descarcare a neuronului respectiv

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13
Q

Cum este suprafata campului receptor?

A

Invers proportionala fata de densitatea neuronilor din regiune

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14
Q

De ce este caracterizata acuitatea tactila?

A

pragul de percepere distincta a doua puncte diferite

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15
Q

Ce este acuitatea tactila?

A

Distanta minima la care prin stimularea a doua puncte apropiate percepem atingerea fiecaruia dintre ele.

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16
Q

Exemple acuitatea tactila

A

in vf limbii - 2mm

in anumite zone de pe toracele posterior - 50mm

17
Q

Discurile tactile Merkel

A
  • terminatii libere
  • in stratul papilar din derm
  • receptori tactili
18
Q

Corpusculi Meissner

A
  • terminatii incapsulate
  • stratul papilar al dermului
  • receptori tactili (atingere)
19
Q

Ruffini

A
  • receptori tactili (presiune)
  • receptori termici (pt cald)
  • in derm
20
Q

Krause

A
  • receptori tactili
  • receptori termici (pt rece)
  • in derm
  • terminatii incapsulate
21
Q

Vater-Pacini

A
  • cei mai mari corpusculi
  • in hipoderm
  • sensibilitatea tactila (vibratii) - se adapteaza f rapid
  • terminatii incapsulate
22
Q

Golgi-Mazzoni

A
  • varietate a corpusculilor Vater-Pacini, dar mai mici

- in pulpa degetelor, din hipoderm