Analgesics and Anaesthetics Flashcards
Meloxicam
NSAID - used in small mammals, cattle and pigs
Dexsamethasone
Steroid
Morphine
Opioids
Medetamidine
A2- agonist, cattle are sensitive
Bupivocaine
Local Anaesthetic
Lindocaine
Local Anaesthetic, used systemically as a central modulator of pain
Ketamine
NDMA antagonist
Analgesic at low doses and anaesthetic at high
Dissociative anaesthetic - doesn’t cause muscle relaxation, and all reflexes maintained, causes apneustic respiration
Gabapentine
Voltage gated Ca2+ channel blocker, anti-epileptic, used for central modulation of pain
Carprofen
NSAID - used in small mammals, cattle and horses
Finocoxib
NSAID - used in small mammals
Finadyne
NSAID - used in horses, pigs and cattle
Pheynlbutazone
NSAID - used in horses
Ketoprofen
NSAID - used in pigs
Methadone
Full opioid agonist, acts of Gi to hyperpolarise cell, injection, also acts to inhibit NDMA receptors
Fentanyl
Full opioid Mu receptor agonist, acts on Gi to hyperpolarise cell, transdermal and injection
Buprenorphine
Partial opioid agonist, acts of Gi to hyperpolarise cell, injection and oral administration
Tramadol
Non-liscenced opioid agonist
Amitrypralline
Tricyclic anti-depressant, used as a central modulator of pain
NO2
NDMA receptor antagonist, used as a central modulator of pain
Acepromazine
Phenothiazine
Inhibits a number of receptors: Dopaminergic, Histamine, A1+A2, muscarinic and serotonin
Used as a sedative / anaesthetic in Horses (also for clipping and separation of foal and mare) Dogs and Cats
Not licensed in farm animals
Causes vasovagal response and fainting in Boxers
Also antiemetic, cardioprotective and a vasodilator
Fluonisone
Dopaminergic antagonist, used as a sedative often in combination with Fentanyl in Rabbits, mice, rats and guinea pigs
Xylazine
A2 agonist used in sedation
Emetic in cats and dogs
Cattle particularly sensitive
Detamidine
A2 agonist used in sedation
Emetic in cats and dogs
Ramifidine
A2 agonist used in sedation
Emetic in cats and dogs
Aledetomidine
A2 agonist used in sedation
Emetic in cats and dogs
Dexmedetomidine
A2 agonist used in sedation
Emetic in cats and dogs
Diazepam
Benzodiazapene, sedative and muscle relaxant - acts on GABA channels increasing frequency of opening, causes dyphoria in healthy animal however
Midazalam
Benzodiazepene
Sedative and muscle relaxant through actions on GABA channel - increasing frequency of opening
Causes Dysphoria in healthy animal however
Flumazine
Benzodiazepene antagonist
Isoflurane
Inhaled anaesthesia, can be used in all species, vapourised with NO2 (reduces MAC ) or O2
Gaba agonist, Glycine + NMDA + N.ACh antagonist, Activates K2 channels and Leak K channels
Halothane
Inhaled anaesthetic
Sevoflurane
Inhaled anaesthetic
Desflurane
Inhaled anaesthetic
Xenon
NMDA receptor antagonist - anaesthetic
Profolol
GABA agonist, used as an anaesthetic ( but no analgesic affect) In cats, dogs and foals via IV
Etomidate
GABA agonist, used as an anaesthetic in cardiovasularly unstable patients, racemate mixture, only R active
Adaptil
Dog appeasing pheromone, can be as a room diffuser or as a collar
Feliway
Mimic feline facial pheromone
Pherocalm
Used for horses, mimics pheromone produced from lactating mares, both adult and foal are sensitive
