Analgesia

Question 1

what is pain
how does it occur

Answer 1

production of prostaglandins

trauma/infection -> breakdown of phospholipids -> arachidonic acid -> prostaglandins sensitise tissues to inflammatory products

decreased prostaglandin decreased pain

Question 2

explain aspirin

what
properties
MOA

Answer 2

NSAID, acetylsalicylic acid

analgesia - inhibits PG
antipyretic - decreases temp
anti-inflammatory - decreases swelling
metabolic

inhibits COX 1+2, decreases PG production, decreased platelet aggregation

Question 3

contraindications and avoid for aspirin

Answer 3

contra -
<16, BF, ulceration, haemophilia, hypersensitivty

peptic ulcers, anticoagulants, steroids, elderly, asthma

Question 4

explain ibuprofen

max dose

Answer 4

NSAID

2.4g

Question 5

explain paracetamol

Answer 5

NSAID but not anti-inflammatory

analgesic, atnipyretic, no bleeding time effects, decreased GI irritant

hydroperoxides from arachidonic acid by COX, positive feedback to stimulate COX activity
feedback blocked, indirectly inhibits COX
decreased PG in pain pathways of CNS

max dose 4g
overdose 10-15g