Anaesthetics: Conduct of General Anaesthesia Flashcards
1
Q
What roles are anaesthetists involved in?
A
- pre-op assessment
- peri-op medicine
- pain medicine
- critical care / intensive care
- anaesthesia
2
Q
What are the stages in the process of anaesthesia?
A
- pre-operative assessment
- preparation
- induction
- maintenance
- emergence
- recovery
- post-operative care
3
Q
What preparation is required for anaesthesia?
A
- right patient
- right skills
- right place
- right time
4
Q
what is the monitoring standard?
A
- ECG
- NIBP
- saturations
- ETC02
- airway pressure
5
Q
What drugs are used in induction?
A
analgesic: fentanyl, alfentanil
hypnotic: propofol, thiopentone, ketamine
muscle relaxant
6
Q
-
A
-
7
Q
what are the ‘planes’ of anaesthesia
A
- analgesia & amnesia
- delirium to unconciousness
- surgical anaesthesia
- apnoea to death
8
Q
what is in airway management
A
loss of airway reflexes
relaxation of tissues
9
Q
what is the triple airway manoeuvre?
A
- head tilt
- jaw thrust
- chin lift
10
Q
What simple apparatus can be used in airway maintenance?
A
- face mask
- guedel (oropharyngeal airway)
- laryngeal mask airway (LMA)
- endotracheal tube (ETT)
11
Q
what are the reasons to intubate?
A
- protection from aspiration
- need for muscle relaxation
- shared airway
- need for tight CO2 control
- minimal access to patient
12
Q
how is breathing controlled
A
- spontaneous ventilation
- controlled ventilation
- supported ventilation
13
Q
how is circulation controlled?
A
- control of haemodynamics (BP every 5 mins)
- vasoactive drugs
14
Q
what are the risks to an unconscious patient?
A
- anaphylaxis
- regurgitation and aspiration
- airway obstruction and hypoxia
- laryngospasm
- cardiovascular instability
- cardiac arrest (rare)
- awareness
- eye injury
- pressure injury
- nerve injury
- hypothermia
- VTE
15
Q
how is anaesthesia maintained?
A
- vapour (gas)
- intravenous (TIVA)
