Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PHASE 3B > ANAESTHETICS > Flashcards

ANAESTHETICS Flashcards

1
Q

ANAESTHESIA
what are the three main components of anaesthesia?

A
  • hypnosis
  • analgesia
  • muscle relaxation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

ANAESTHESIA
what are the three levels of hypnosis?

A
  • awake
  • sedated
  • asleep
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

ANAESTHESIA
what are the different types of anaesthesia?

A
  • local
  • sedation
  • general
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

ANAESTHESIA
what are the different types of local anaesthetic?

A
  • local
  • regional
  • neuraxial
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

ANAESTHESIA
when is local anaesthetic used?

A

small surgery - laceration or wound repair

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

ANAESTHESIA
when is regional anaesthetic used?

A
  • target specific nerves
  • usually for post op pain relief
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

ANAESTHESIA
what are the different types of neuraxial anaesthetic?

A

spinal
epidural

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

ANAESTHESIA
what is a spinal also known as?

A

subarachnoid block

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

ANAESTHESIA
what happens during a spinal?

A

the needle goes into the CSF
it goes through the ligaments and the dura
local anaesthetic is injected as a bolus which lasts around 2 hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

ANAESTHESIA
what happens during an epidural?

A

the needle goes between the ligaments and the dura
a catheter is passed
local anaesthetic is given through the catheter an an infusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

ANAESTHESIA
what are the differences between spinals and epidurals?

A

SPINAL
- single bolus
- anaesthetic
- lumbar region

EPIDURAL
- continuous infusion
- anaesthesia or analgesia
- thoracic or lumbar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

ANAESTHESIA
what dermatome level can you operate on when using a spinal or epidural?

A

allow you to operate below the highest nerve root affected by the block

normally is below T10 (umbilicus)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

ANAESTHESIA
what are the different local anaesthetic agents?

A

lidocaine
bupivacaine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

ANAESTHESIA
what is the onset and duration of lidocaine?

A

immediate onset
15 minute duration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

ANAESTHESIA
what is the onset and duration of bupivacaine?

A

10 minute onset

lasts 2 hours for anaesthesia
lasts 12-24 hours for analgesia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

ANAESTHESIA
what is lidocaine used for?

A

small procedures
laceration repair, chest drains, big cannulae

17
Q

ANAESTHESIA
what is bupivacaine used for?

A

regional
spinal
epidural

18
Q

ANAESTHESIA
what should you be aware of with epidurals?

A

usually have opioids running through them

do not prescribe additional opioids

19
Q

ANAESTHESIA
what does induction mean?

A

sending to sleep

20
Q

ANAESTHESIA
what does maintenance mean?

A

keeping asleep

21
Q

ANAESTHESIA
what are the different forms of hypnotic drugs?

A

inhalational
intravenous

22
Q

ANAESTHESIA
what are the reasons for providing sedation?

A
  • reduce anxiety
  • reduce consciousness
  • reduce irritability (of the airway)
  • induce amnesia
23
Q

ANAESTHESIA
what medication is used for short term sedation?

A

IV midazolam

24
Q

ANAESTHESIA
what situations may require short term sedation?

A

endoscopy
regional anaesthesia

25
Q

ANAESTHESIA
what medication is used for long term sedation?

A

IV infusion of propofol +/- alfentanil

26
Q

ANAESTHESIA
what situations may require long-term sedation?

A

intensive care
intubated patients for theatre/transfer

27
Q

ANAESTHESIA
what are the different types of hypnotic gases?

A

isoflurane
desflurane
sevoflurane

28
Q

ANAESTHESIA
what is isoflurane used for?

A

cheapest gas
used to maintain sedation

29
Q

ANAESTHESIA
what is desflurane used for?

A

used to maintain sedation

wears off quickly

30
Q

ANAESTHESIA
what is sevoflurane used for?

A

used to induce and/or maintain anaesthesia

31
Q

ANAESTHESIA
what are the different types of intravenous hypnotic drugs?

A

propofol - quick, commonest
thiopenthal - quick, mostly emergency
ketamine - used in CVS emergency, also analgesic

PHASE 3B (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions