Anaesthesia In Swine Flashcards
Special considerations in pig anaesthesia
- huge range of size
- lots of subcutaneous fat (overheating)
- difficult to catch
- can be aggressive
For how many hours should food withhold before anaesthesia?
At least 6 hours (12h: abdominal surgery)
Not withhold water!
Why should we minimise the stress before anaesthetising pigs?
To avoid malignant hyperthermia
Analgesia — ?
Relief from pain
Anaesthesia — ?
Loss of sensation and loss of the ability to feel pain
General anaesthesia — ?
Loss of consciousness + muscle relaxation + loss of ability to feel pain
Types of anaesthesia in swine
General
- inhalation
- IM (not very reliable)
- IV (single injection: airicular vessel, jugular vein, v. cava cranialis; slow drop infusion: auricular vessel)
Epidural
- lumbosacral
Local
- intratesticular
- others
Main drug used for sedation in swine
Azaperone
- cheap, effective and licensed for pigs
- boar >1 mg/kg -> penile prolapse
- not to use in cold condition! (Peripheral vasodilation -> cardiovascular prolapse)
Do we use acepromazine for sedation in swine?
Not popular drug of choice. Unpredictable effect
Can be combined with ketamine
BZDs in sedation in swine
Not reliable sedation in adults if used alone
Poor bioavailability!, midazolam is better
Combination: midazolam + ketamine
Alpha2 agonists in sedation in swine
- Not used alone.
- Low potency in pigs.
- Can be used in combination with ketamine (and butorphanol)
“Field anaesthesia” — ?
Metomidine + ketamine + butorfanol
Can be used for small manipulations
Azaperon and combinations
Azaperon may be administered 20 min before the combination
- tracheal intubation
- venous catheterisation -> induction and maintenance
- epidural anaesthesia
Ketamine
Used often. Alone or in combinations
Lumbosacaral epidural anaesthesia
- hard to find right region
- not very common (weight limit)
- sedation is needed
- patellae -> vertical line -> line crosses the spine -> 2-3 cm caudal lumbosacral space
Castration, obstetrical pr perineal surgeries
