Anaesthesia Bell Ringer and Test 2 Flashcards
What are the three injections for the mandible?
- Inferior alveolar nerve block
- Mental (incisive) block
- Buccal block
What areas are anaesthetized with an inferior alveolar nerve block?
Mandibular teeth in quad 3 or 4
Facial periodontium/gingiva from premolars to midline
Lingual periodontium of Q3/4 lower lip to midline
Anterior 2/3 of tongue
Floor of mouth
What is not anaesthetized in the area of a inferior alveolar nerve block?
Buccal periodium of molars
What nerves are anaesthetized with an inferior alveolar nerve block?
Inferior alvevolar nerve
Lingual nerve
Mental nerve
Incisive nerve
What is the injection site targets for the inferior alveolar nerve block?
Bony - mandibular foramen
Soft tissue - pterygomandibular raphe
Inferior alveolar nerve
What are the landmarks for the inferior alveolar nerve injection?
Palpate coronoid notch
Horizontal line 6-10mm superior to occlusal line of mandibular molars
Pull tissues taught
3/4 distance between coronoid notch and posterior border of ramus
Superior to the mandibular foramen
What areas are anaesthetized with the buccal block injection?
Buccal periodontium of the molar teeth
What is not anaesthetized in the area with the buccal block?
Teeth
What nerves are anaesthetized with the buccal block?
Buccal nerve
For the buccal bock, what are the injection site targets?
Bony - anterior border of the ramus
Soft tissue - retromolar pad
Buccal nerve
What are the landmarks for the buccal block injection?
Distal and buccal to the last mand molar
Height of the occlusal plane
What areas are anesthetized with the mental (incisive) block?
Facial gingiva premolars to midline
Lower lip/skin of chin to midline
When is the mental (incisive) block used?
When client has BIFID IAN and needs anaesthesia on the same side as inferior alveolar nerve block
What nerves are affected by the mental (incisive) block?
Mental nerve
Incisive nerve
What are the seven maxillary injections?
- Posterior Superior Alveolar Block
- Middle Superior Alveolar Block
- Anterior Superior Alveolar Block
- Supraperiosteal Injections
- Infraorbital Block
- Nasopalatine
- Greater Palatine
What areas are anaesthetized with the posterior superior alveolar block?
Teeth - molars. (mesiobuccal root of 6 is not frozen in 28% of the population)
Periodontium and buccal soft tissue of molars
What are the landmarks for the posterior superior alveolar nerve?
Maxillary tuberosity, muccobuccal fold, 2nd molar, occlusal plane, midsaggital plane
What is the needle insertion point for the posterior superior alveolar nerve?
Height of mucobuccal fold at apex of maxillary second molar with the needle angulation at 45 degrees to the maxillary occlusal plane
When are supraperiosteal injections recommended?
When pulpal anaesthesia is needed on a limited number of teeth or anesthesia of the periodontium is needed in a localized area
Where is the supraperiosteal injection deposited?
At the apex of the selected tooth
When is the supraperiosteal injection most commonly used?
To freeze the max molars
Why can supraperiosteal injections be successfully administered on any tooth in the max?
Due to the porus nature of the bone
What areas are anaesthetized by the middle superior alveolar block?
Teeth 4, 5, and mesiobuccal root of 6 (in 28% of population)
Periodonitum of frozen teeth and buccal soft tissue of premolar region
Does the middle superior alveolar block freeze palatal tissue?
No
What nerve is affected with the middle superior alevolar nerve block?
Middle superior alveolar nerve
What is the insertion point for the middle superior alveolar nerve block?
Height of muccobuccal fold at apex of 5
What areas are anaesthetized with anterior superior alveolar block?
Teeth 1-3
Associated periodontium and facial soft tissue
When is an anterior superior alveolar block commonly used?
In conjunction with and MSA instead of using infraorbital block
What are the target site/landmarks of the anterior superior alveolar block?
Canine eminence, canine fossa, maxillary mucobuccal fold and maxillary canine
What is the insertion point for the anterior superior alveolar block?
Height of the mucobuccal fold at the apex of canine
What areas does the infraorabital block anaesthetize?
1-5 + mesiobuccal root of 6
Associated periodontium
Facial soft tissue
Upper lip to midline
Medial part of cheek, side of nose, lower eyelid
What nerves are anaesthetized with the infraorbital block?
Infraorabital nerve
Anterior superior alevolar nerve
Middle superior alveolar nerve
Lateral nasal nerve
Superior labial nerve
What are the landmarks for the infraorbital block?
Linear relationship between the pupil, infraorbital foramen, and labial commissure
Infraorbital notch
Infraorbital ridge
Infraorbital depression
Infraorbital foramen
Maxillary first premolar
Maxillary mucobuccal fold
What is the insertion point for the infraorabital block?
Height of mucobuccal fold, superior to 14/24
When is the greater palatine injection recommended?
Lingual soft tissue is needed distal to the canine
When is the nasopalatine injection recommended?
When lingual soft tissue anaesthesia is needed from canine to canine
What nerves are affected by the greater palatine block?
Greater palatine nerve
What areas are anaesthetized with the greater palatine block?
Palatal gingival tissue of premolars and molars in Q1 or 2
What is the target area and landmarks for the greater palatine injection?
Anterior to where the GP nerve enters the greater palatine foramen
Foramen usually seen as a depression on the palatal surface at the junction of the maxillary alveolar process and posterior hard palate, at the apex of the maxillary second molar
What is the deposit point for the greater palatine injection?
At the greater palatine foramen
What nerve is anaesthetized by the nasopalatine block?
Nasopalatine nerve
What area is anaesthetized by the nasopalatine block?
Palatal bone and soft tissue from canine to canine
What is the insertion point for the nasopalatine block?
Lateral to incisive papilla
What is injection #1?
Greater Palatine Block
What is injection #2?
Nasopalatine Block
What is injection #3?
Anterior Superior Alveolar Block
What is injection #4?
Infraorabital Nerve Block
What is injection #5?
Middle Superior Alveolar Nerve Block
What is injection #6?
Posterior Superior Alveolar Nerve Block
What is injection #7?
Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block
What is injection #8?
Buccal Block
What is injection #9?
Mental (Incisive) Block
