Anaesthesia Flashcards
pre-op assessment
- full history
- owner questioning
- previous reaction to drugs
- confirm pre-op fasting times
pre-op fasting advantages/disadvantages
- reduces GOR, regurgitation, aspiration
- prolonged starvation can increase risk of GOR
routes of admin for induction
injectable (IV / IM)
inhalant (face mask / induction)
options for airway management
mask
laryngeal (LMA)
supraglottic device (V-gel)
ETT
complications during induction
- lack of airway patency
- aspiration/regurgitation
- hypothermia
- post-induction apnoea
FGF calculation
(BW x TV) x RR x CF
Min vol x RR x CF
dosage calculation
weight x dose/strength
2nd gas effect
2 gases in alveoli, nitrous diffuses into blood first as it has a bigger conc gradient. this concentrates the second gas which can then also diffuse into blood
equine catheter placement
left jugular vein
equine anaesthetic technique
ensure 5 point stance
how to perform a pre-anaesthetic assessment
- full history
- owner questioning (temperament)
- previous reactions to drugs/anaesthetics
- full clinical examination
- confirm pre-op fasting times
- procedure
ASA classification
ASA I- normal, healthy patient
ASA II- mild systemic disease
ASA III- systemic disease, well compensated or controlled by treatment
ASA IV- severe uncompensated systemic disease
ASA V- unlikely to survive 24hrs
pre-op fasting goal
the reduce volume of the stomach contents to prevent GOR/regurgitation and aspiration
pre-op fasting recommendations
cats- 6-8hrs
dogs- 8-10hrs
rabbits/small furries- no starvation, withhold food 30 mins before
- prolonged starvation can increase GOR
informed consent facts
- legal document to be stored on patient record
- must ensure owner understands what has been signed
- give copy of consent form to owner
communication to owner
- give realistic time frames for communication
- keep communication open
oxygen cylinder storage
- molybdenum steel
- well ventilated fire-proof room
- store full and empty cylinders seperately
cylinder yolk
screw that attaches to cyclinder
- contains a bodok seal providing a gas-tight seal
- allows unidirectional flows
- pin index safety system- prevents the cylinder being attached to the wrong inlet
pin index safety system
yolk on the anaesthetic machine has 2 protuding pins
- aligned with holes on the corresponding gas cylinder
- prevents the wrong one being attached to the wrong inlet
anaesthetic pipelines
- pipelines connect the anaesthetic machine to schrader sockets which attach to main source
- schrader probes- unique diameter index
-non-interchangeable screw thread- unique profile of each nut and probe for each gas
pressure regulator
- cylinder pressure needs to be reduced to a safe level (400kPa)
- smooths any fluctuations of pressure from gas supply
pressure gauges
- indicates the pressure of gas in kPa
- cyliner pressure is proportional to vol of gas contained in it
- as cyclinder empties, pressure gauge drops
- shows when the cylinder needs to be changed
O2 failure alarm
- should sound when the supply drops below 200kPa
- should cut out nitrous oxide delivery
- not all machines will make audible noise (warning message instead)
hypoxic guard
- not present in all machines
- O2 and N2O control valves are mechanically linked
- maintains min ratio
- prevents hypoxic micture being delivered to patient