Anaemia & Drugs Flashcards
What are the types of normocytic anaemia?
Chronic disease
BM failure
Renal failure
Haemolysis
What type of anaemia is thalassaemia?
Microcytic
What would be seen in a blood film of someone with IDA?
Poikilocytosis
Anisocytosis
Hypochromic
What is seen on a microcytic anaemia blood film?
Hypersegmented neutrophils
Where is intrinsic factor produced?
Fundus of stomach
What is haemolytic anaemia?
Premature breakdown of RBCs before their normal lifespan
what are the features of haemolytic anaemia?
Jaundice
Hepatosplenomegaly
Gallstones
What happens in the direct Coombs test?
Detects antibodies already bound to RBCs
Used in haemolytic anaemia
What happens in the indirect Coombs test?
Detects antibodies against RBCs in the serum
Used in pregnancy & before transfusion
What are the causes of haemolytic anaemia?
Acquired: Immune-mediated, Drugs (Pen, quinine), autoimmune, prosthetic heart valves
Hereditary: G6PD def, hereditary spherocytosis, Sickle cell, thalassaemia
How is G6PD passed on?
X-linked
What’s the commonest RBC enzyme deficiency?
G6PD
What can precipitate a crisis in G6PD deficiency?
Illness
Fava/broad beans
Drugs (Aspirin, sulphonamides, antimalarials)
Where in Hb is the abnormal protein found in SCA?
Beta chain creating HbS
What are people with SCA prone to?
Painful crises
Bone pain
Aplastic crisis
Splenic infarction
Osteomyelitis
Dactylitis
Stroke
Avascular necrosis
Priapism
What can trigger a sickle cell crisis?
Cold
Dehydration
Infection
Hypoxia