An Overview of the Canadian Health Care System Flashcards
Is canadas health system a national health care system
- Not a true one, this is because the british north america act made health care under the authority of provinces and territories
- There is national objectives through financial incentives and voluntary collaborative action among national, provincial and territorial actors
What is the result of the canadian health care system
- Mostly a public funded, privately delivered system of the 13 interlocking system independent healthy care system
The 13 systems show many characteristics but can show variance and reflect local jurisdictions
What are the macro components in the canadian health care system
- Hospitals and other health facilities
- Health care provides
3.Drugs
4.
Explain Hospitals and other health facilities in canada
- 95% operate as not for profit entities
- Funded mostly by provincial health authorities based on a global spending budget ( given a lump some of money to last a year)
- Focused on urgent care but also secondary and tertiary acute care services
- Hospitals must operate within their budgets and are accountable to the communities they serve
- 5% operate as for profit facilities: mostly long term care or specialized services, accountable to shareholders or funding agencies
Health care providers in canada
a) Physicians
- The Canadian health care system relies a lot of physicians (70% of health care costs)
- About half of the all work as GP/ family doctors and are usually the first patient contact within formal health care system (GPs, FPs are the systems gatekeepers_
- Gatekeepers as they control access to specialists, other health care providers, hospitals, testing, most perscription drug therapy
- Physicians are reimbursed from mostly public funded sources (paid for the quantity (process) rather then the quality (outcomes))
b) Nurses
- The largest group of health care providers in canada (registered nurses, nurse practitioners, registered psychiatric nurses, licensed practical nurses)
- Salaried (paid for the time spent of the job rather then services provided) and employed mostly in the formal health care system
c) Other health professions (nutritionists, physical therapists, psychologists, dentists….)
- Community based HCP are mostly paid through private or work related insurance or out of pocket, but hospital based care mostly covered by medicare (not SGI and WCB rehab programs)
d) Pharmacists
- 43,744 in canada
- 75% in community based practice
- Third largest health care profession (most work outside the formal system but still largely under physician authority)
- Increased role to play in community based care
- There is a push to be paid for cognitive services so these happen more over dispensing
- Reimbursed fee for service but most are salaried employees
Drugs in Canada (sasks drug plan)
- Most drug therapy is not covered by medicare
- Most canadinas have some form of coverage through (federal drug programs, provincial drug plans, worker compensation boards, private insurance)
a) Sasks drug plan - Seniors (65+)m children (<15): pay 25$ for drugs on the formulary and under exception drug status, if less then 25$ pay actual amount (eligible if net annual income <68,000$)
- Special support program: income based program to help those with high drug costs but must apply (if drugs exceed 3.4% of income)
- Guaranteed income supplement: for those that get this family deductible is 200$ semi annual then pay 35% of prescription costs (if in a special care home deductible is 100)
- Family health benefits: 100$ semi annual then 35% of prescription costs (children of approved families get prescriptions and basic medical supplies at no cost)
- Supplementary health: eligibility determined by social services (for all if less then 18 years there is no charge, all patients receive without charge: insulin, oral diabetes meds, oral birth control.)
SH plan 1: pay no more then 2$ per prescription
SH plan 2: if patient needs several drugs for long term may be eligible for no cost prescriptions
SH plan 3: in addition to plan 2, no charge for certain additional prescribed drugs (for seniors receiving SIP and live in special care homes
- Most canadinas have some form of coverage through (federal drug programs, provincial drug plans, worker compensation boards, private insurance)
Sasks Drug plan
Seniors (65+)m children (<15): pay 25$ for drugs on the formulary and under exception drug status, if less then 25$ pay actual amount (eligible if net annual income <68,000$)
Special support program:
income based program to help those with high drug costs but must apply (if drugs exceed 3.4% of income
Guaranteed income supplement:
for those that get this family deductible is 200$ semi annual then pay 35% of prescription costs (if in a special care home deductible is 100)
Family health benefits
100$ semi annual then 35% of prescription costs (children of approved families get prescriptions and basic medical supplies at no cost)
Supplementary health (Plan 1,2,3)
eligibility determined by social services (for all if less then 18 years there is no charge, all patients receive without charge: insulin, oral diabetes meds, oral birth control.)
SH plan 1: pay no more then 2$ per prescription
SH plan 2: if patient needs several drugs for long term may be eligible for no cost prescriptions
SH plan 3: in addition to plan 2, no charge for certain additional prescribed drugs (for seniors receiving SIP and live in special care homes
Health care services in Saskatchewan
- Emergency medical services
- Primary Care
- Secondary care
- Tertiary care
- Rehabilitation
- Mental health
- Long term care
- Community support
- Public health
Emergency medical services
- Stabilization and observation centers which are strategically located and uses to manage minor emergencies or to prepare serious cases for transport
- Sask has an integrated EMS system that has 24 hour public access by phone
Primary care
- Usually the first contact people have with the health care system
- Delivered by a variety of health care practitioners in many different settings (physicians, nurses, pharmacists…)
Secondary care
- Provided by certified specialists and some GPs with training
- More specialized care (obstetrical, pre-natal, paediatric, surgery
- A network of regional hospitals provide basic acute care and emergency services
