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Honor's Anatomy > An Orientation > Flashcards

An Orientation Flashcards

1
Q

Definition of anatomy

A

The study of the structure of body parts and their relationship to one another

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2
Q

Definition of physiology

A

The study of the function of the body’s structural machinery

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3
Q

Regional anatomy

A

All structures in one part of the body (leg)

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4
Q

Systemic anatomy

A

Gross anatomy of the body studied by system

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5
Q

Surface anatomy

A

Study of internal structures as they relate to the overlying skin

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6
Q

Principle of complementarity

A

Function always reflects structure and structure always reflects function

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7
Q

Levels is structural organization

A

Chemical- atoms combined to molecules
Cellular- cells are made of molecules
Tissue- consists of similar types of cells
Organ- made up of different types of tissues
Organ system- consists of different organs that work together
Organism- made up of the organ systems

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8
Q

Urinary system

A

Rids the body of nitrogen-containing wastes

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9
Q

Endocrine system

A

Controls the body with chemicals called hormones

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10
Q

Skeletal system

A

Provides support and levers on which the muscle are system can act

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11
Q

Cardiovascular system

A

Delivers oxygen and nutrients or the body tissues

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12
Q

Integumentary system

A

Protects underlying organs from drying out and mechanical damage

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13
Q

Lymphatic system

A

Protects the body; destroys bacteria and tumor cells

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14
Q

Digestive system

A

Breaks down foodstuffs that can be absorbed

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15
Q

Respiratory system

A

Removes carbon dioxide from the blood

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16
Q

Muscular system

A

Moves limbs; allows facial expression

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17
Q

Reproductive system

A

Sex organs; making life

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18
Q

Nervous system

A

Interacts with the outside world; gives feeling

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19
Q

Necessary life function: maintaining boundaries

A

The internal environment remains distinct from the external environment

20
Q

Necessary life function: cellular level

A

Accomplished by plasma membranes

21
Q

Necessary life function: organism level

A

Accomplished by the skin

22
Q

Necessary life function: movement

A

Locomotion, propulsion, contractility

23
Q

Necessary life function: responsiveness

A

Ability to sense change in the environment and respond to them

24
Q

Necessary life function: digestion

A

Breakdown of ingested food

25
Q

Necessary life function: metabolism

A

All the chemical reactions that occur in the body

26
Q

Necessary life function: excretion

A

Removal of waste from the body

27
Q

Survival needs: nutrients

A

Needed for energy and cell building

28
Q

Survival needs: oxygen

A

Necessary for metabolic reactions

29
Q

Survival needs: water

A

Provides ness every environment for chemical reactions

30
Q

Survival needs: normal body temp.

A

Necessary for chemical reactions to occur at life-sustaining rates

31
Q

Survival needs: atmospheric pressure

A

Required for proper breathing and gas exchange in the lungs

32
Q

Negative feedback loop

A

The body senses an internal change and activates mechanisms that reverse or negates that change

33
Q

Positive feedback loop

A

The output enhances or exaggerates the original stimulus (blood clotting)

34
Q

Homeostatic imbalance will…

A

Increase as you get older; increase risk of death and illness

35
Q

Transverse plane

A

Divides the body into superior and inferior parts

36
Q

Frontal plane

A

Divides the body into anterior and posterior parts

37
Q

Sagittal plane

A

Divides the body into the right and left parts

38
Q

Thoracic cavity

A

The mediastinum and pericardial cavity

39
Q

Pleural cavities

A

Each houses a lung

40
Q

Mediasitium cavity

A

Contains the pericardial cavity; surrounds the remaining thoracic organs

41
Q

Pericardial cavity

A

Encloses the heart

42
Q

Abdominal cavity

A

Contains the stomach, intestines, spleen, liver and other organs

43
Q

Pelvic cavity

A

Lies within the pelvis and contains the bladder, reproductive organs and rectum

44
Q

Ventral body cavity membranes: parietal serosa

A

Lines internal body walls

45
Q

Ventral body cavity membrane: visceral serosa

A

Covers internal organs

46
Q

Ventral body cavity membrane: serous fluid

A

Separates the serosae

Honor's Anatomy (5 decks)

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