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Anatomy and Physiology > An Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology > Flashcards

An Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

Module

A

independent, self-contained unit about a specifc topic

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2
Q

Section

A

set of modules placed in a series that are interdependent

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3
Q

Learning Outcomes

A

educational objectives that use key verbs to target knowledge, comprehension, and specific skills

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4
Q

Learning classification scheme

A

identifies fundamental levels of learning, from lower-order thinking to higher-order skills

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5
Q

Respiration

A

oxygen required for chemical processes obtained from atmosphere and delivered to cardiovascular system; carbon dioxide removed by cardiovascular system

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6
Q

Digestion

A

mechanical and chemical process to convert ingested food into simple absorbable substances

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7
Q

Circulation

A

internal movement and distribution of oxygem, wastes, and digestion products

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8
Q

Excretion

A

undigested food and wastes of metabolism eliminated from body

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9
Q

Anatomy

A

means “a cutting open”; study of the structures of the body and physics relationships among body parts

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10
Q

Gross (macroscopic) anatomy

A

large structures and features usually visible with unaided eye

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11
Q

Microscopic anatomy

A

study of structures that cannot to be seen without magnification

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12
Q

Dissectring microscope

A

can see tissues

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13
Q

Light microscope

A

can see basic cell structure

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14
Q

Electron microscope

A

can see individual molecules

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15
Q

Physiology

A

study of function and how organisms perform vital functions; complex and more difficul to examine than anatomic structures

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16
Q

Ea of physiology topics

A

electrical events within the heart coordinating the heartbeat and pressure changes

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17
Q

William Harvey

A

demonstrated that heart valves worked on same principles as valves in coal mine water pumps

18
Q

Chemical & cellular levels in order

A

organism level, organ system level, organ level, tissue level, cellular level, chemical level

19
Q

Chemical level

A

functional properties of molecule determined by shape and atomic components

20
Q

Cellular level

A

functions depend on organelles (composed of molecultes) and each has a specific function

21
Q

Tissue level

A

group of cells working together to perform specific functions

22
Q

Organ level

A

composed of two or more tissues working together to perform specific functions

23
Q

Organ system level

A

consist of interacting organs

24
Q

Organism level

A

the highest level of organization; collection or organ systems working together to maintain and health

25
Q

Smooth muscle cell

A

long and slender for contraction

26
Q

Red blood cells

A

flattened discs to transport oxygen and carbon dioxide

27
Q

Bone cells

A

maintain bone

28
Q

Fat cells

A

spherical for fat storage

29
Q

Cells lining digestive tract

A

shaped for absorption

30
Q

Reproductive

A

few large oocytes, numerous sperm

31
Q

Nerve cells

A

some have extensive branching providing huge surgace area for communication

32
Q

Tissues

A

collections of similar cells and cell products that perform specific functions

33
Q

Histology

A

the study of tissues

34
Q

Primary tissue types

A

Epithelial tissue, Connective tissues, Muscle tissue, Nervous tissue

35
Q

Organ system

A

consists of organs that interact to perform a specific range of functions, often in coordinated fashion

36
Q

Integumentary system

A

protects the body from environmental hazards; helps control body temp

37
Q

Skeletal system

A

provides support; protects tissues; stores minerals; forms blood cells

38
Q

Muscualr system

A

produces movement; provides support; generates heat

39
Q

Nervous system

A

provides rapid control and regulation; coordinates activities of other organ systems

40
Q

Endocrine system

A

secretes chemical messengers; directs long-term changes in other systems

41
Q

Cardiovascular system

A

transports cells and dissolves materials, including nutrients, hormones, wastes, adn gases to all parts of the body

Anatomy and Physiology (1 decks)

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