An Integrated Approach to Health Flashcards
Week 1 slides
When did WHO define health? What did they define it as?
- Defined in 1948
- Defined as “a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being”
What is the difference between physical health and well-being?
- Physical health is more observable (ex: can see symptoms)
- Well-being is more subjective (ex: Reflects a person’s overall quality of life, happiness, and satisfaction.
What are the 4 concepts that make up the paradigm of health?
1.) Bio Medical concept
2.) Ecological concept
3.) Psychosocial concept
4.) Holistic concept
What is the paradigm of health?
The paradigms of health refer to frameworks or perspectives that shape how health, illness, and well-being are understood and addressed
What is the biomedical concept? What are some criticisms?
- Stated that health was traditionally considered as the “absence of disease”
- Medically, the body is equated to a machine
- Criticized because it minimized the role of other determinants of health (social, environmental, psychological, and cultural) –> includes the human body and the pathophysiology of a disease
What is the ecological concept?
- Mutual relationship between living organism and their environment
- Health is viewed as a dynamic equilibrium between humans and the environment –> disease is viewed as an imbalance between the two
- Dubos defined health as “a relative absence of pain and discomfort and a continuous adaptation and adjustment to the environment to ensure optimal function”
What is the psychosocial concept?
- Complex state of mental, emotional, social, and spiritual well-being that involves the relationship between an individual and their social environment
- Health defines both a biological and social phenomenon
What is the holistic concept?
- The influence of social, economic, political, and environment on health
- Health implies a sound mind in a sound body in a sound family and in a sound environment
- Emphasis on the promotion and protection of health
What 4 sciences make up the integrative approach?
1.) Biomedical sciences
2.) Behavioral sciences
3.) Social sciences
4.) Psychological science
What are the 9 dimensions of health?
1.) Physical dimension
2.) Mental dimension
3.) Social dimension
4.) Spiritual dimension
5.) Emotional dimension
6.) Vocational dimension
7.) Cultural dimension
8.) Socio-economical dimension
9.) Environmental dimension
What is the physical dimension?
- Refers to the functioning of each and every cell or organ of the body to optimum capacity and in perfect harmony with the rest of the body
What is the mental dimension?
- State of harmony between oneself and others
- Coexistence between the realities of self and that of other people and that of the enviornment
What is the social dimension?
- Harmony and integration within the individual, between each individual and other members of the society and between the individual and the world in which they live
What is the spiritual dimension?
- A new concept gaining momentum in the west
- Includes integrity, principles, and ethics, the purpose of life, commitment to higher being and belief in concepts
What is the emotional dimension?
- Emotional condition of a perosn
- While mental health refers to knowing or cognition, emotional health relates to feelings
What is the vocational dimension?
- Plays a role in promoting both physical and mental health
- Physical work is generally associated with an improvement in physical capacity
- Goal achievement and self-realization in work are a source of satisfaction and enhanced self-esteem
What is the definition of well-being and what are the two dimensions?
- Defined as “feeling good and functioning well”
- An individual’s own experience of their life, and a comparison of their life circumstances with social norms and values
- The two dimensions are objective well being and subjective wellbeing (both are considered when deciding people’s health)
What is objective wellbeing?
- based on assumptions about basic human needs and rights, including aspects such as adequate food, physical health, education, and safety
- Can be measured through self-report (ex: asking if they have a health condition) or more objective measures (mortality rates and life expectancy)
What is subjective wellbeing
- Also called personal wellbeing
- Measured by asking people how they think and feel about their own wellbeing
- Includes life satisfaction (evaluation), positive emotions (hedonic), and whether their life is meaningful (eudemonic)
- WEMWBS
What is The Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (WEMWBS)
- A tool for monitoring subjective mental health well-being in the general population
- Evaluation of projects, programs, and policies which aim to improve mental wellbeing
What is the integrative approach to health?
- Aims to understand the linkage between different factors in health and different sciences
- Both holistic, preventative, and patient-centered in nature
- Interdisciplinary effort to provide science-based guidance for the evaluation of One Health and other integrated approaches to health
What are the different benefits of integrated health care?
1.) Quality of Care
2.) Patient satisfaciton
3.) Access to treatment
4.) Cost savings
What is quality of care in integrated health care?
- Address each patient’s unique needs
- Develop a cohesive plan to enhance the individual’s health
- Providers stay more informed about the treatments their patients receive
- Ensure that patients get the care they need to experience positive outcomes
What is patient satisfaction in integrated health care?
- A holistic care for disease management, mental health concerns, and physical therapy needs,
- Go beyond one illness or injury
- Improve patients’ overall well-being
- When a patient’s providers are functioning as a team, patient satisfaction is enhanced
What is access to treatment in integrated health care?
- Make it easier for patients to get the needed treatment
- Professionals can refer patients to other providers, collaborating with them to ensure appropriate care
- Integrated care team members are often in the same location, adding to the convenience of accessing holistic care
What is cost savings in integrated health care?
- By providing a broad range of services through one coordinated group of professionals, healthcare facilities can streamline their efforts
- Eliminates unnecessary (and often costly) appointments and procedures
