amputation

Question 1

what functions that are critical are lost in UL amputation?

Answer 1

motor and sensory functions

Question 2

ideal stump should be : 4 things

Answer 2

well padded, functional, pain free, cosmetically acceptable

Question 3

cutting through the joint is

Answer 3

disarticulation

Question 4

congenital amputation is referred to as

Answer 4

limb deficiency

Question 5

Simply closing the outer fascial envelope over the top of the muscles is called

Answer 5

myofascial closure

Question 6

what is the difference between myodesis and myoplasty?

Answer 6

myodesis: anchoring of muscle to bone
myoplasty: muscle to muscle attachment

Question 7

main cause for upper limb amputation?

Answer 7

trauma

Question 8

happens to active young people and is 30% new amputation cause:

Answer 8

trauma

Question 9

main cause of lower limp amputation and happen to people age over 60, more than 65% of the time:

Answer 9

diseases (Vascular diseases (dysvascular): atherosclerosis and diabetes mellitus
Tumours.

Question 10

types of congenital amputation?

Answer 10

longitudinal

transverse

Question 11

muscles after amputation usually provides:

Answer 11

motor ability, bulk, contour

Question 12

what happens to non-functional muscles?

Answer 12

used as coverage for bone, tendon and nerves

Question 13

nerve repair may be required to insure…

Answer 13

muscle innervation

Question 14

limitations of excursion:

Answer 14

scarring, prolonged inactivity, edema and swelling

Question 15

T or F: all cut nerves form traumatic neuroma?

Answer 15

true

Question 16

how is neuroma problematic?

Answer 16

painful, adherent to skin, contracted in scar tissue

Question 17

dealing with neuroma includes:

Answer 17

resecting nerve proximal to amputation in a well padded area
ligating nerve to a proximal wound
anastomosing two nerve ends
capping the nerve end with grafts

Question 18

what type of grafts used to cap nerves to prevent neuroma ?

Answer 18

epineural

Question 19

cartilage at joint surfaces should be removed during amputation, T or F?

Answer 19

FALSE

Question 20

what kind of amputation commonly requires revision surgery and why and due to what?

Answer 20

traumatic, painful stump due to: neuroma, painful scar, bony overgrowth, inadequate soft-tissue coverage.

Question 21

what is z-plasty?

Answer 21

a surgical technique aims to deepen the web space

Question 22

which digit-amputation requires soft-tissue coverage ?

Answer 22

Amputations through the nailed and distal phalanx

Question 23

what is a ray II amputation?

Answer 23

a surgery that removes residual stump of digit amputation for more cosmetic look and not to impede motion.

Question 24

how much drop in grip strength does ray II amputation cause?

Answer 24

20%

Question 25

Gillies’ cocked hat flap is used to

Answer 25

lengthen the thumb

Question 26

a hand surgery technique in which a thumb is created from an existing finger is called

Answer 26

Pollicization

Question 27

what facilitates prosthetic fitting in wrist disarticulation?

Answer 27

trimming ulnar and radial styloid

Question 28

in wrist disarticulation, what helps to enhance the sensitivity and durability of the stump?

Answer 28

a longer volar flap (2:1)