amputation Flashcards
what functions that are critical are lost in UL amputation?
motor and sensory functions
ideal stump should be : 4 things
well padded, functional, pain free, cosmetically acceptable
cutting through the joint is
disarticulation
congenital amputation is referred to as
limb deficiency
Simply closing the outer fascial envelope over the top of the muscles is called
myofascial closure
what is the difference between myodesis and myoplasty?
myodesis: anchoring of muscle to bone
myoplasty: muscle to muscle attachment
main cause for upper limb amputation?
trauma
happens to active young people and is 30% new amputation cause:
trauma
main cause of lower limp amputation and happen to people age over 60, more than 65% of the time:
diseases (Vascular diseases (dysvascular): atherosclerosis and diabetes mellitus
Tumours.
types of congenital amputation?
longitudinal
transverse
muscles after amputation usually provides:
motor ability, bulk, contour
what happens to non-functional muscles?
used as coverage for bone, tendon and nerves
nerve repair may be required to insure…
muscle innervation
limitations of excursion:
scarring, prolonged inactivity, edema and swelling
T or F: all cut nerves form traumatic neuroma?
true
how is neuroma problematic?
painful, adherent to skin, contracted in scar tissue
dealing with neuroma includes:
resecting nerve proximal to amputation in a well padded area
ligating nerve to a proximal wound
anastomosing two nerve ends
capping the nerve end with grafts
what type of grafts used to cap nerves to prevent neuroma ?
epineural
cartilage at joint surfaces should be removed during amputation, T or F?
FALSE
what kind of amputation commonly requires revision surgery and why and due to what?
traumatic, painful stump due to: neuroma, painful scar, bony overgrowth, inadequate soft-tissue coverage.
what is z-plasty?
a surgical technique aims to deepen the web space
which digit-amputation requires soft-tissue coverage ?
Amputations through the nailed and distal phalanx
what is a ray II amputation?
a surgery that removes residual stump of digit amputation for more cosmetic look and not to impede motion.
how much drop in grip strength does ray II amputation cause?
20%
Gillies’ cocked hat flap is used to
lengthen the thumb
a hand surgery technique in which a thumb is created from an existing finger is called
Pollicization
what facilitates prosthetic fitting in wrist disarticulation?
trimming ulnar and radial styloid
in wrist disarticulation, what helps to enhance the sensitivity and durability of the stump?
a longer volar flap (2:1)
