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Chemistry A level > Amount of substance > Flashcards

Amount of substance Flashcards

1
Q

What is the nitrate ion?

A

NO3-

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2
Q

What is the sulfate ion?

A

SO4²-

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3
Q

What is the carbonate ion?

A

CO3²-

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4
Q

What is the hydrogencarbonate ion?

A

HCO3-

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5
Q

What is the hydroxide ion?

A

OH-

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6
Q

What is the hydride ion?

A

H-

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7
Q

What is the phosphate ion?

A

PO4³-

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8
Q

What is the equation for metal + water?

A

metal + water –> metal hydroxide + hydrogen

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9
Q

What is the equation for metal + acid?

A

metal + acid –> salt + hydrogen

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10
Q

What is the equation for oxide + acid?

A

oxide + acid –> salt + water

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11
Q

What is the equation for hydroxide + acid?

A

hydroxide + acid –> salt + water

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12
Q

What is the equation for carbonate + acid?

A

carbonate + acid –> salt + water + carbon dioxide

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13
Q

What is the equation for hydrogencarbonate + acid?

A

hydrogencarbonate + acid –> salt + water + carbon dioxide

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14
Q

What is the equation for ammonia + acid?

A

ammonia + acid –> ammonium salt

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15
Q

What is the equation for a metal carbonate when heated?

A

metal carbonate –> metal oxide + carbon dioxide

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16
Q

What is the ammonium ion?

A

NH4+

17
Q

What is the equation for moles?

A

Mass = Mr × moles

18
Q

How do you calculate percentage yield?

A

% yield = mass of product obtained / maximum theoretical mass of product × 100

19
Q

How do you calculate percentage atom economy?

A

% atom economy = mass of desired product / total mass of reactants × 100

20
Q

What is the empirical formula of a compound?

A

The simplest ratio of atoms of each element in a substance e.g.
SiO2 = 1:2

21
Q

How do you fine the molecular formula from the empirical formula?

A

Mr / Mr of empirical formula

22
Q

How do you calculate the idea gas equation?

A

PV = nRT

P = pressure (Pa)
V = volume (m³)
n = number of moles
R = gas constant (always 8.31 J mol)
T = temperature (K)

23
Q

How do you convert °C to K?

A

°C + 273 = K

24
Q

How do you calculate the concentration of a solution?

A

Concentration = moles / volume (dm³)

25
Q

Why might a reaction not have 100% percentage yield?

A
  • The reaction may be reversible
  • Some of the product may be lost when separated from the reaction mixture
  • Some of the reactants may react in other reactions

Chemistry A level (3 decks)

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