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Parasitology > Amoeba, Flagellates, & Ciliates > Flashcards

Amoeba, Flagellates, & Ciliates Flashcards

1
Q

Amoeba of pigs and monkeys

A

Entamoeba polecki

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2
Q

Entamoeba found in the mouth

A

Entamoeba gingivalis

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3
Q

Entamoeba that doesn’t encyst

A

Entamoeba gingivalis

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4
Q

Food vacuoles contain cellular debris mostly leukocytes

A

Entamoeba gingivalis

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5
Q

Small intestinal amoeba

A

Endolimax nana

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6
Q

Cross-eyed cyst

A

Entamoeba nana

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7
Q

Amoeba of pigs

A

Iodamoeba butschlii

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8
Q

Has a large glycogen vacuole and large karyosome arranged like a basket of flowers

A

Iodamoeba butschlii

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9
Q

Stained by Iodine

A

Iodamoeba butschlii

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10
Q

FECT

A

Formalin ether concentration technique

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11
Q

What is recovered from formed stool?

A

Cyst stage

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12
Q

What is recovered from watery stool?

A

Trophozoite stage

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13
Q

Treatment for commensal amoeba

A

No treatment is necessary

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14
Q

Ubiquitous free-living amoeba

A

Acanthamoeba

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15
Q

GAE

A

Granulomatous amebic encephalitis

By Acanthamoeba

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16
Q

AK

A

Acanthamoeba keratitis By Acanthamoeba

- opportunistic ocular surface pathogen

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17
Q

Characterized by an active trophozoite stage

A

Acanthamoeba

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18
Q

Thorn-like apendages

A

Acanthapodia in Acanthamoeba

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19
Q

Aquatic organism

A

Acanthamoeba

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20
Q

Trophozoite is its infective stage although both troph and cyst gain entry to the body

A

Acanthamoeba

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21
Q

Portal of entry of Acanthamoeba

A

Through the ye, nasal passages to the respiratory tract, or ulcerated or broken skin

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22
Q

Acanthamoeba is a possible reservoir host for what bacteria?

A

Legionella spp.

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23
Q

Associated with the use of improperly disinfected contact lenses

A

Acanthamoeba keratitis

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24
Q

Invades the CNS

A

Acanthamoeba and Naegleria fowleri

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25
Q

Family of Acanthamoeba

A

Family Acanthamoebidae

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26
Q

Diagnosed by corneal scraping or epithelial biopsy

A

Acanthamoeba keratitis

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27
Q

Diagnosis of GAE

A

Usually post-mortem

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28
Q

First diagnosed Acanthamoeba GAE in living patient

A

DeJonckheere in 1991

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29
Q

Treatment for Acanthamoeba

A

A- amphotericin B
F- fluorocystine
K- ketoconazole

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30
Q

Free-living protozoan with 2 vegetative forms

A

Naegleria fowleri

  • ameboid (trophozoite form): humans
  • flagellate (swimming form): water
  • dormant cyst form- when conditions are not favorable
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31
Q

Thermophilic organisms

A

Naegleria

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32
Q

What are found in the CSF

A

N. Fowleri trophozoites

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33
Q

PAM

A

Primary amebic meningoencephalitis by N. fowleri

- rare but rapidly destructive and fatal

34
Q

Portal of entry of N. fowleri

A

Olfactory bulb

35
Q

Characteristics of the CSF of an individual with PAM

A
  • elevated WBC count with neutrophilic predominance
  • high protein
  • low glucose
36
Q

Treatment for N. fowleri

A

A- amphotericin B

C- clotrimazole

37
Q

Presence of amebostomes

A

Naegleria fowleri

38
Q

Free-living ameboflagellate

A

Naegleria fowleri

39
Q

Other pathogenic determinants of N. fowleri

A
  • secretion of lytic enzymes
  • membrane pore-forming proteins
  • induction of apoptosis
  • direct feeding of the amoeba
40
Q

N. fowleri belongs to what family?

A

Family Vahlkampfiidae

41
Q

Morphologically similar but biochemically distinct species present in the country

A

N. philippinensis

42
Q

Initially identified as Paramecium coli by blank in blank

A

Balantidium coli

-by malmsten in 1857

43
Q

Virulance factor of balantidium coli

A

Hyaluronidase

44
Q

Largest protozoa of man

A

Balantidium coli

45
Q

Reservoir host of B. Coli

A

Pigs

46
Q

Movement of B. coli

A

Thrown ball or rotary

47
Q

Treatment for B. coli

A

M- metronidazole
I- iodoquinole
T- tetracycline

Mit? Diba karne yon tapos galing sa PIG 😪😂

48
Q

Characteristics of Balantidium coli trophozoite

A
  • cytostome: mouth (funnel-like)
  • cytopyge: anus
  • cilia
  • micronucleus: contains DNA for reproduction
  • macronucleus: for vegetative func.
  • contracting vacuoles: 2 for osmoregulation
49
Q

Characteristics of B. Coli cyst

A
  • micronucleus
  • macronucleus
  • double walled
50
Q

Classified member of stramenopiles

A

Blastocystis hominis

51
Q

Other term for Giardia lamblia

A

G. duodenalis

G. Intestinalis

52
Q

Causes traveller’s diarrhea, beaver fever, gay bowel syndrome

A

Giardia lamblia

53
Q

Habitat of G. lamblia

A

Small intestine

54
Q

Reservoir host of G. lamblia

A

Beaver

55
Q

Falling leaf movement

A

G. lamblia

56
Q

Enterotest/ beales’ string test

A

G. lamblia

57
Q

Characteristics of G. lamblia troph

A
  • pyriform
  • 2 nuclei
  • bilaterally symmetrical
  • 8 flagella
  • ventral sucking disc (virulence factor): for attachment
  • parabasal bodies (claw hammer shaped): energizing sttucture
  • axostyle: support and movement
58
Q

Characteristics of G. lamblia cyst

A
  • oval shaped
  • up to 4 nuclei
  • parabasal bodies
  • axostyle
59
Q

First discovered by Leeuwenhoek in 1681

A

G. lamblia

60
Q

Crcomonas intestinalis

A

By Lambl in 1859 who forst described G. lamblia

61
Q

Trichomonas vaginalis cause disease called

A

Trichomoniasis

62
Q

Trichomonas vaginalis was first observed by ____ in _______

A

Donne in 1836

63
Q

Most prevalent nonviral sexually transmitted infection

A

Trichomonas vaginalis

64
Q

Characteristics of Trichomonas vaginalis

A
  • trophozoite stage only
  • pyriform shape
  • 4 free anterior flagella and 5th flagellum embedded in the undulating membrane
  • median axostyle
  • 1nucleus
65
Q

Strawberry cervix is caused by?

A

T. vaginalis

66
Q

Motility of T. vaginalis

A

Jerky tumbling motion

67
Q

Habitat of Chilomastix mesnili

A

Large intestine

68
Q

Stages present in Chilomastix mesnili

A

Trophozoite and cyst stage

69
Q

Characteristics of a C. mesnili trophozoite

A

Pear shaped
3 anterior free flagella and 1 beside the cytostome (shepherd’s crook)
Cytostome
Spiral groove

70
Q

Boring or corkscrew motion

A

Chilomastix mesnili

71
Q

American lemon or nipple shape appearance

A

C. mesnili cyst stage

72
Q

MOT of C. mesnili

A

Ingestion

73
Q

4 morphological forms of B. Hominis

A 
Vacuolated (most predominant)
Amoeba-like
Granular
Multiple fission
Additional: cyst and avacuolar
74
Q

Wenyon 1909

A

First discovered Dientamoeba fragilis

75
Q

Formerly classified as an amoeba now an ameboflagellate

A

Dientamoeba fragilis

76
Q

Dientamoeba fragilis has a trophozoite and cyst stage. T or F

A

False, it has no cyst stage

77
Q

Habitat of D. fragilis

A

Colon

78
Q

Rosette shaped nuclei

A

D. fragilis

79
Q

D. fragilis coexist with

A

Enterobius vermicularis

80
Q

Treatment for D. fragilis

A

Iodoquinole

81
Q

Only pathogenic amoeba

A

Entamoeba histolytica

Parasitology (2 decks)

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