Ammonia

Question 1

What is the test for ammonia gas?

Answer 1

Damp red litmus paper blue

Damp universal indicator purple

Question 2

Describe the simple test for the cation NH using sodium hydroxide

Answer 2

NH₄⁺ + OH^- > NH₃ + H₂O

Ammonium Ions + Hydroxide Ions > Ammonia + Water

Ammonia: pungent smell + turns red litmus paper blue

Question 3

How is ammonia made?

Answer 3

By reacting nitrogen from the air and hydrogen (which comes as a natural gras or from cracking hydrocarbons)

Question 4

What are the essential conditions to manufacture ammonia by the Haber process?

Answer 4

Temperature - 400 degrees Pressure - 200 atm Catalyst - Iron

Question 5

How is ammonia extracted from the products in the Haber process?

Answer 5

The products are sent through a cooling mechanism, which is at a temperature that condenses ammonia, but not hydrogen and nitrogen. Liquid ammonia is collected, but nitrogen and hydrogen float right back into the reactor.

Question 6

What are the uses of ammonia?

Answer 6

Fertiliser as it contains nitrate ions (plants use nitrate ions to make amino acids, so it can make proteins and grow

Question 7

How do you make nitric acid?

Answer 7

By reacting ammonia with oxygen

4NH₃ + 8O₂ > 4HNO₃ + 4H₂O