Ammonia

Question 1

a) A higher ratio by wt. of alkali is used in lab preparation of Ammonia

Answer 1

→To counteract the less by sublimation of Ammonium Chloride heating in solid state

Question 2

b) Ammonium Nitrate cannot be used in lab prep of ammonia

Answer 2

It is explosive in nature and cannot be used in lab prep. of Ammonia may self decompse forming nitrous oxide and water vapour.

Question 3

Round-bottomed flask is kept in an inclined position in lab prep of NH3

Answer 3

To prevent the water vapour from trickling back which will damage the hot flask.

Question 4

Round-bottomed flask is kept in an inclined position in lab prep of NH3

Answer 4

The reactants being solid are grounded thoroughly providing maximum surface area for reaction by keeping it in inclined position To prevent the water vapour from trickling back which will crack the hot flask.

Question 5

Calcium Hydroxide is used as a reactant:

Answer 5

It is cheap and not
deliquescent when compared to other alkalis

Question 6

Calcium Hydroxide is used as a reactant:

Answer 6

It is cheap and not
deliquescent when compared to other alkalis

Question 7

Ammonium nitrate is not used as a reactant:

Answer 7

It is explosive and
may self decompose to form Nitrous Oxide & Water vapour

Question 8

Ammonium nitrate is not used as a reactant:

Answer 8

It is explosive and
may self decompose to form Nitrous Oxide & Water vapour

Question 9

Drying Agent is Quicklime:

Answer 9

it is basic and does not react with the
basic ammonia gas

Question 10

Drying Agent is Quicklime:

Answer 10

it is basic and does not react with the
basic ammonia gas

Question 11

Gas is collected by downward displacement of air:

Answer 11

It is lighter
than air
It is highly soluble in
water(1 vol of water dissolves 702 vols of NH3 at 20°C at 1 atm

Question 12

Gas is collected by downward displacement of air:

Answer 12

It is lighter
than air
It is highly soluble in
water(1 vol of water dissolves 702 vols of NH3 at 20°C at 1 atm

Question 13

In Habers processReactants must be pure –

Answer 13

if impure it may contain impurities such as CO,
CO2
, H2
S which may poison the catalyst and reduce the efficiency of the
catalyst

Question 14

Solubility in Water:

Answer 14

Ammonia: Highly soluble in water.
Nitrogen and Hydrogen: Almost insoluble in water.

Question 15

Solubility in Water:

Answer 15

Ammonia: Highly soluble in water.
Nitrogen and Hydrogen: Almost insoluble in water.

Question 16

Liquefaction:

Answer 16

Ammonia: Easily liquefies at low pressure.
Nitrogen and Hydrogen: Difficult to liquefy; may require high pressure conditions.

Question 17

Why should the reactants in Habers process be pure

Answer 17

Reactants Purity:

Impure reactants (like CO, CO2, H2S) can poison the catalyst, reducing efficiency.

Question 18

Why should the reactants in Habers process be pure

Answer 18

Reactants Purity:

Impure reactants (like CO, CO2, H2S) can poison the catalyst, reducing efficiency.

Question 19

. Optimum Temperature:l of 400-500 is maintained

Answer 19

Low temperatures reduce yield; high temperatures decompose ammonia to nitrogen and hydrogen.

Question 20

Color
Odor:
Reaction with Nessler’s Reagent:
Reaction with Copper (II) Sulfate Solution:

Answer 20

: Ammonia is a colorless gas.

When ammonia gas is passed into Nessler’s reagent, the colorless reagent turns pale brown.
Reaction with Nessler’s Reagent (continued): Upon further addition of ammonia into Nessler’s reagent, the solution turns into a brown precipitate.

It has a pungent and irritatingodor that affects the nasal passages and can cause tears in the eyes.

Ammonia gas or ammonium hydroxide (NH₄OH) reacts with a copper (II) sulfate (CuSO₄) solution, forming a pale blue precipitate of copper hydroxide (Cu(OH)₂). Upon excess addition of ammonia, the pale blue precipitate turns into an inky blue solution, indicating the formation of tetraamine copper (II) sulfate complex.